中国生态农业学报Issue(4)：383-391,9.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.141331
干旱对玉米穗发育及产量的影响
Effect of drought on ear development and yield of maize
摘要
Abstract
Drought is the most important limitation to maize yield. Studies have shown that drought can affect plant morphology, dry matter accumulation, physiological processes and reproductive organ development, thereby decreasing grain weight and per-ear kernel. With a specific focus on the development of male and female organs, this paper reviewed the effects of drought on the development of reproductive organs and anthesis-silking interval. Drought before anthesis delayed tassel and ear development, decreased total spikelets and increased kernel abortion, thereby lowering per-ear grain number. Drought during tasseling and silking hindered tasseling, delayed silking and prolonged anthesis-silking interval. In addition, severe drought during tasseling induced ultra-structural changes in pollens and silk, which severely affected pollination and fertilization and eventually resulted in bald-heading and grain number reduction. Moreover, drought during filling stage triggered leaf senescence, low photosynthetate accumu-lation, limited grain filling, induced grain weight lowering and eventually yield reduction. In terms of source-sink relationship, drought before grain-filling reduced grain number in response to weak sink, eventually reducing yield. Drought during grain-filling stunted the development of vegetative organs such as leaf senescence, which hindered the accumulation and transport of assimilates. Thus, source restricted yield increase.关键词
玉米/干旱/穗发育/开花吐丝间隔期/库源关系/花粉/花丝/产量Key words
Maize/Drought/Reproductive organs development/Anthesis-silking interval/Source-sink relationship/Pollen/Filament/Yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李叶蓓,陶洪斌,王若男,张萍,吴春江,雷鸣,张巽,王璞..干旱对玉米穗发育及产量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,(4):383-391,9.基金项目
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-02-26)和公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203031)资助 （CARS-02-26）
