中国生态农业学报Issue(7)：892-899,8.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.150212
厌氧和好气条件下油菜秸秆腐解的红外光谱特征研究
FTIR characteristic of rapeseed straw decomposition under anaerobic and aerobic conditions
摘要
Abstract
As a vital biological resource in agricultural production system, crop straws returned into soil are crucial for maintaining and improving soil fertility and crop yield. There are differences in straw decomposition between anaerobic and aerobic conditions. FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) can indicate the dynamic changes in organic components during decomposing process of straws. In this study, the net-bag method was used to determine the decomposition dynamic of rapeseed straw and the characteristics of FTIR under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The results showed a rapid decomposition rate of rapeseed straw at the start of the decomposing process, and then a slow rate with time. Within 360 days of decomposition, the rates of decomposition of rapeseed straw under anaerobic and aerobic conditions were respectively 60.50% and 68.20%, with corresponding decomposition rate constants (k) of 0.004×d-1 and 0.010×d-1, and rapeseed straw mass decomposition half-lives (t 1/2) of 229 days and 117 days. Carbon (C) releasing rates of rapeseed straw under anaerobic and aerobic conditions were 70.33% and 77.43%, respectively. Also C releasing rate constant (k) under anaerobic condition (0.025×d-1) was smaller than that under aerobic condition (0.026×d-1). Then nitrogen (N) releasing rates of rapeseed straw under anaerobic and aerobic conditions were 82.20% and 87.48%, respectively. Also N residues under anaerobic condition was 38.25% higher than that under aerobic condition (P < 0.05) within 360 days decomposition, with the highest difference during the 60-90 day incubation period. Infrared spectrum analysis showed that absorption intensities at 3 430-3 410 cm-1 (stretched hydroxyl), 2 930 cm-1 (stretched methylene) bands significantly decreased. This suggested that thedecomposition of organic matter such as carbohydrate and aliphatic compounds decreased. Absorption intensities at 1 419-1 425 cm-1 and 1 740 cm-1 (assigned to C=O stretching as well as C—O stretching and C—H deformation of carboxylic acid functional groups) weakened. This suggested that carboxylic acid lipid compounds and lignin contents decreased and that there was higher absorption intensity under anaerobic condition than aerobic condition. Silicon released from rapeseed straw accumulated as oxides such as SiO2. During the process of straw decomposition, aliphatic compounds declined while aromatic compounds increased. Also aerobic condition was beneficial to the decomposition of straw cellulose and hemicellulose, largely supplementing soil C and N.关键词
油菜/秸秆/厌氧/好气/腐解规律/红外光谱Key words
Rapeseed/Straw/Anaerobic condition/Aerobic condition/Decomposition characteristics/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王景,魏俊岭,章力干,常江,郜红建..厌氧和好气条件下油菜秸秆腐解的红外光谱特征研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,(7):892-899,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31328020)和国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B08,2012BAD04B09)资助 （31328020）
