生态环境学报Issue(4)：581-585,5.
露天矿排土场边坡自然恢复规律及其环境解释
Effects of soil properties on vegetation restoration on dump slopes of opencast coalmine
摘要
Abstract
It is necessary to carry out the research about ecological restoration and land reclamation on dump slopes of opencast coalmine, for where there remain great risks of soil and water loss and geological hazards. In order to understand the plant community succession patterns and find out relationships between vegetation and environmental factors on dump slopes, we carried out an investigation on plant communities within different successional stages on several dump slopes of opencast coalmine in Fuxin, Liaoning. Plant species composition, density, height, and coverage of different slope aspects and slope position were recorded during the survey. Soil characteristics of physics, chemistry and biology were measured also. Two-way indicators species analysis (TWINSPAN) method was used for cluster analysis of plant communities. Detrended canonical correspondence analysis (DCCA) method was employed to identify relationships between distribution patterns of plant communities and environmental factors. The results showed that richness of plant species on dump slopes (27 species totally) less than platform. Different succession patterns occurred on the slopes. The successional series on the shady slope were Setaira viridis + Artemisia capillaries + Artemisia sacrorum→S. viridis + A. sacrorum+ Artemisia anethoides→A. sacrorum + S. viridis.A. capillaries became the dominant species at the upper and middle part after 10 years’ recovery, which lead to the plant species and richness decline and regressive succession of plant communities. The succession series on the sunny slope wereTribulus terrestris + Echinochloa hispidula +S. viridis→S. viridis+T. terrestris+ A. anethoides→S. viridis + Carum carvi + A. anethoides. It suggested that the succession processes were slow. The first axis of DCCA ordination represented the slope position, soil water content, available N and its turnover gradients. And it was correlated with soil pH value and urease. The second axis of DCCA ordination reflected restoration years and gradients of soil available P. And it was related to soil bulk density, available P, invertase and alkaline phosphatase. Our results implied that artificial rehabilitation is essential for the restoration of dump slopes. The soil enzyme activity could explain most variations of species composition in communities.关键词
生态恢复/排土场/坡向/坡位/DCCAKey words
ecological restoration/dumps/slope aspect/slope position/detrended canonical correspondence analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王凯,王道涵,刘锋,祝畅,刘志斌..露天矿排土场边坡自然恢复规律及其环境解释[J].生态环境学报,2014,(4):581-585,5.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目 （）
