生态环境学报Issue(8)：1292-1297,6.
生物炭对旱作农田土壤理化性质及作物产量的影响
Influence of Biochar on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Crop Yields in Rainfed Field
摘要
Abstract
There has been an increased interest in biochar due to its structural and functional properties. Biochar has shown great potential in fertilizing and improving agricultural soils, and carbon sequestration and abatement. However, few literature has been reported about the influence of biochar on soil physical and chemical properties and crop yields based on long-term field trail. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of biochar amendment on the soil bulk density, pH, organic matter, nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), available phosphorous and water content in a rainfed field with corn-rapeseed rotation in SW China. Four treatments installed in this experiment were C0 (compound fertilizer, urea), C2 (compound fertilizer, urea plus 20 t·hm-2 biochar), C5 (compound fertilizer, urea plus 50 t·hm-2 biochar), C10 (compound fertilizer, urea plus 100 t·hm-2 biochar). Results showed that biochar additions in C5 and C10 significantly decreased soil bulk density by 14.6%and 32.5%comparing to C0. Under biochar addition, soil pH was increased by 0.10, 0.17 and 0.15 in C2, C5 and C10, respectively;soil organic matter (SOM) content increased by 44.9%, 137.7% and 297.2%; nitrate nitrogen content increased by 38.0%, 26.3% and 88.4%;available phosphorous content increased by 34.8%, 135.0%and 232.2%. Also, biochar addition increased average annual soil water content by 8.8%, 29.1%and 44.7%. Seed and biomass yield of both maize and rape observed improvements in all biochar-amended plots compared to the control. Maize seed and biomass yield of increased by 7.6%~20.3% and 8.6%~46.8%; rape seed yield increased significantly by 15.7%~35.4%, and biomass yield by -17.2%~30.3%. These results indicated biochar treatment was conducive in lowering the soil bulk density and enhancing the soil pH, organic matter, nitrate nitrogen(NO3--N), available phosphorous and water content, suggesting that as soil conditioner, biochar will obviously improve soil physical and chemical properties and increase the soil nutrient supplying capacity.关键词
生物炭/土壤理化性质/作物产量/土壤改良剂Key words
biochar/soil chemical and physical properties/crop yield/soil conditioner分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
房彬,李心清,赵斌,钟磊..生物炭对旱作农田土壤理化性质及作物产量的影响[J].生态环境学报,2014,(8):1292-1297,6.基金项目
农业科技成果转化资金项目（SQ2013EC4420013）；中国科学院战略性科技先导专项（XDA05070400）；贵州省农业攻关计划项目（黔科合NY字[2011]3079号）；贵州省科技支撑计划项目 （）
