生态环境学报Issue(1)：96-105,10.DOI:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2015.01.015
鄱阳湖湿地水体与底泥重金属污染及其对沉水植物群落的影响
Heavy Metals Pollution on the Water and Sediments and Its Influence on the Submerged Macrophyte Community in the Wetland of Poyang Lake
摘要
Abstract
Based on the typical wetland included Nanji Wetland, Wucheng National Nature Reserve, Baishazhou National Wetland Park and Longkou Wetland of Poyang Lake, we investigated the submerged macrophyte communities and sampled the water and sediment specimens in September of 2013. We also determined the contents of copper, lead and cadmium in water and sediment specimens and evaluated the heavy metals pollution in sediments by using both the Geo-accumulation index methods and the potential ecological risk index methods. According to the census data of submerged plant communities, we calculated the submerged macrophyte community structure by using both Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index, and analyzed the correlation of the biomass and diversity of submerged plants and the heavy metals pollution in the water and sediment with Pearson correlation analysis. We also aimed to reveal the status of heavy metal pollution in the wetland of Poyang Lake and explore the influence of copper, lead and cadmium on submerged macrophytes in order to prevent and control the pollution of heavy metals and protect and restore the submerged macrophytes preferably. The results indicated that the highest content of heavy metals in water and sediment samples is Lead. All heavy metals in the water specimens were lower than the surface water environmental quality standard of class Ⅲ criterion except the content of lead in the sampling sites of Baishazhou. The highest content of heavy metals in the water of the sampling sites was in Baishazhou National Wetland Park located in the east of Poyang Lake, and the contents values ofρ(Cu),ρ(Pb) andρ(Cd) were 50.826μg·L-1, 68.660 μg·L-1 and 0.337μg·L-1 separately, while the lowest content of heavy metals in Nanji Wetland which located in the southwest of Poyang Lake, and the contents values ofρ(Cu),ρ(Pb) andρ(Cd) were 4.316μg·L-1, 7.301μg·L-1 and 0.167 μg·L-1 separately. The results indicated that Longkou was the severest heavy metal-polluted areas in sediments, probably because the water from the downstream of Lean River. But some differences exist in both evaluation methods: the Geo-accumulation index showed moderate pollution or light pollution in the sediments for all sampling sites, while the potential ecological risk index showed slight pollution in the sediments in all sampling sites. On the other hand, there were 11 submerged macrophyte species in 7 families and 9 genera in the investigated areas. The species diversity of submerged macrophytes in Nanji wetland was rich but the evenness of species distribution was relatively low. The results of Pearson correlation analysis suggested that there was no significant correlation among the biomass, species diversity and the heavy metal contents in the water and sediments.关键词
鄱阳湖/沉水植物/重金属污染/群落结构/地累积指数/潜在生态危害指数Key words
Poyang Lake/submerged macrophytes/heavy metals pollution/community structure/geo accumulation index/potential ecological risk index分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
简敏菲,李玲玉,余厚平,熊建秋,余冠军..鄱阳湖湿地水体与底泥重金属污染及其对沉水植物群落的影响[J].生态环境学报,2015,(1):96-105,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目（41161035；41461042）；国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目（2011BAC13B02）；江西省科技支撑计划项目 （）
