摘要
Abstract
Objective To study the distribution and drug resistance of main gram-negative bacilli causing nosocomial infec-tions in a certain hospital, so as to provide scientific basis for the infection control and reasonable use of antibiotics in clinics. Methods The main strains were collected from patients’ specimens in this hospital from 2011-2014 .The bacterial identification and drug susceptibility tests were performed and their drug resistance was retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 12437 gram-negative isolates were collected from non-repetitive clinical specimens during the past four years,of which Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermenta-tive Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 6243(50.2%) and 5920(47.6%), respectively.The Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas aerugino-sa,Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli were the predominant species of Gram-negative bacilli, accounted for 21.1%, 19.4%, 16.8%and 8.5%respectively.The source of pathogenic bacteria specimens were mainly from respiratory tract and followed by urinary tract.Infection with high-risk departments were the brain injury rehabilitation department and ICU.By monitoring multi-drug resistant bacteria during four consecutive years,it was found that ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (64.9%,64.3%, 62.1%,55.4%),(50.1%,47.7%,43.4%,45.7%) showed a trend of decline.But carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli and Kleb-siella pneumoniae(0.8%,1.5%,1.3%,2.6%),(17.4%,30.8%,27.1%,34.1%) had a rising trend year by year.During the past four years, the average detection rate of extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter was 40.3%.Conclusions Most clinical isolates are Gram-negative bacilli and multi-drug resistant strains increase obviously.The reasonable clinical use of antibiotics is crucial for delay of emergence of drug-resistant strains.It is also necessary to strengthen the surveillance of drug resistance of the pathogens and prevent the spread of MDRO causing nosocomial infection.关键词
细菌耐药监测/革兰阴性杆菌/多重耐药菌/药敏试验/碳青霉烯酶Key words
bacterial resistance surveillance/Gram-negative bacilli/multi-drug resistant bacteria/drug susceptibility testing/carbapenemase分类
医药卫生
