农学学报Issue(5)：39-47,9.
小麦条锈病发生流行趋势及其成因探讨
Study on the Epidemic Characteristics and Causes of Wheat Stripe Rust in Nanchong City
摘要
Abstract
The study is to find out the occurrence and epidemic regularity of wheat stripe rust in Nanchong city, which will pave the way for monitoring, early warning and comprehensive treatment of wheat stripe rust timely and accurately, meanwhile reduce the high air spread of stripe rust pathogen in Sichuan southeast spring epidemic area, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan and other neighboring regions, and main wheat production areas in east China. Thus, the wheat production, trade security and sustainable development can be ensured. Over these years, by the methods of systematical monitoring, regular surveys, field investigation, stripe rust resistance identification, physiological sampling inspection of morbidity plant, comprehensive treatment and meteorological data analysis, we firstly discovered the initial bacteria source of wheat stripe rust, propagation path, afferent peak time, local epidemic peak time and the relationship between epidemic peak time and afferent time and afferent peak time. This study showed that the earlier the symptoms occurred, the more serious it would be. There were two different infection peak times. The first one played a key role in bacteria spreading which existed in the field for 1-3 epidemic peaks and the area influenced by the first epidemic peak would play a decisive role in the same year. The cumulative occurrence area in late January was highly correlated to the annual occurrence area with the correlation coefficient hitting 0.7692;the prediction model for disease field rates, disease plant rates and the annual occurrence areas was established. In recent 16 years, the proportion of serious occurrence was 81.25%while light occurrence was only 6.3%. The number showed that the stripe rust was in an epidemic period. The internal cause was the reduction or loss of wheat varieties ’ resistance to tripe rust because a new physiological race of rust was becoming pathogenic stronger and be the major race. If there was big fluctuation of temperature in warm winter and spring, or more fog and dew days, stripe rust would be caused in serious occurrence area, frequent occurrence area, early occurrence area and windy outlet valley area. Since 2002, by analyzing the initial period of stripe rust, twice afferent range of foreign bacteria source, 3 epidemic peak times of occurrence area and the coefficient and the prediction model for disease field rates, disease plant rates and the annual occurrence areas, we combined the field monitoring data and meteorological forecasts to make long, medium and short-term predictions. The short-term prediction accuracy rate of wheat stripe rust was 100%in every year while the medium and long-term prediction accuracy rate reached more than 98% and 95% respectively, which increased by 5-15 percentage points than those before 1998.关键词
小麦/条锈病/发生特点/流行规律/预警水平/提高Key words
Wheat/Stripe Rust/Occurrence Characteristics/Epidemic Regularity/Early Warning Level/Improvement分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
彭昌家,李鸿韬,何海燕,肖立,冯礼斌,白体坤,丁攀,刘建国,陈如胜,尹怀中,龙维国,文旭..小麦条锈病发生流行趋势及其成因探讨[J].农学学报,2015,(5):39-47,9.基金项目
南充市小麦条锈病菌源地综合防治监控站（农业部农计函[2003]104号）；农业部关于认定第一批国家现代农业示范区的通知（农计发[2010]22号）。 （）
