中国农业科学Issue(11)：2262-2269,8.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.11.017
益生菌对载鸭水体和产蛋性能的影响及其分子机制
Effects of Pro-Biotic Microbes on Living Water and Laying Performance in Layer Ducks and Molecular Mechanisms
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] This study aims to investigate the effects of supplementation ofBacillus subtilis spores in the feed and addition of photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) on living water and laying performance of laying ducks and their mechanisms.[Method]A total of 240 laying ducks were randomly and equally allocated into 24 “slate floor bed + water pool” individual pens using a 2×2 factorial design with 6 replications per treatment. After 7-d pre-feeding, the ducks were received 2 main treatments: supplementation ofBacillus subtilis (viable count 8 × 107 cfu/kg) in the feed, and addition of PSB (viable count 1.8 × 1012 cfu/kg) to the living water. Neither supplementation ofB.subtilisnor addition of PSB into living water was used as the control group (C group), supplementation ofB.subtiliswas used as the B.subtilis group (B group), addition of PSB into living water was used as the PSB group (P group), and both supplementation ofB. subtilisand addition of PSB into living water was used as the combined group (BP group). In the 120-d experimental period, the average laying rate, average feed intake and average feed to egg ratio were calculated every10 days. The living water samples were collected every 10 days for measuring counts ofE. coli andSalmonella +Shigella. The living water and blood samples were collected every 15 days for measuring LPS concentration. At the end of the experiment, the fresh feces were collected for measuring counts ofE. coli andSalmonella +Shigella. The mucosa and tissues of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were collected for measuring LPS concentrations and mRNA expression of inflammation/apoptosis - related genes, respectively. During the experiment, the animals were maintained under natural photoperiod. Living water and feed were available to the ducksad libitum. The linear mixed model of SPSS, for the analysis of repeated measurements, was used with comparisons using the LSD correction. The data with repeated measurements included LPS concentrations in living water and plasma, feed intake, laying rate, feed to egg ratio, and counts ofE. coli andSalmonella +Shigella in living water. The one-way ANOVA was used for data including counts ofE. coli andSalmonella +Shigella in feces, LPS concentrations of intestinal mucosa, and tissue gene expression.Post-hocdifferences between treatment groups were further examined using Duncan test.[Result]BothBacillus subtilis and PSB treatments did not significantly affect feed intake (P>0.05),Caspase-3andBcl-2mRNA expression in jejunum (P>0.05),Bcl-2mRNA expression in ileum (P>0.05), andIL-1β mRNA expression in spleen, however, they significantly increased laying rate (P<0.001), and decreased feed to egg ratio (P<0.001), LPS concentrations of living water (P<0.001), duodenum (P<0.01) and ileum (P<0.01), counts ofE. coli in feces (P<0.001), and mRNA expression of TLR4 in jejunum (P<0.05) andCaspase-3 in ileum (P<0.05). There was significant effect of time on feed intake, laying rate, feed to egg ratio, LPS concentration and counts ofE. coli andSalmonella +Shigella in living water (P<0.01). Compared with B and BP groups, LPS concentration in plasma and counts ofSalmonella +Shigella in feces in C and P groups were increased (P<0.05), and LPS concentration in jejunum, counts ofSalmonella +Shigella in living water andTNF-αmRNA expression in spleen were also increased (P<0.05). The count ofE. coli in living water in BP group was lower than in C, B and P groups (P<0.05). Only in BP group wasTLR4 mRNA expression in ileum lower (P<0.05), and IL-10 mRNA expression higher than in C group (P<0.05).[Conclusion]The results indicate thatB. subtilis and PSB treatments improved laying performance of laying ducks by decreasing the counts of Gram-negative bacteria and level of LPS in cultivated water, and decreasing the level of LPS in intestinal mucosa and plasma and inflammatory response.关键词
蛋鸭/产蛋性能/光合细菌/芽孢杆菌/内毒素Key words
laying ducks/laying performance/photosynthetic/bacillus/lipopolysaccharide引用本文复制引用
应诗家,许爱红,戴子淳,郗正林,何宗亮,匡伟,赵伟,吴云良,施振旦..益生菌对载鸭水体和产蛋性能的影响及其分子机制[J].中国农业科学,2015,(11):2262-2269,8.基金项目
国家水禽产业技术体系（CARS-43-16）、江苏省农业科技自主创新资金 （12）
