摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate the pre - pregnancy body mass index,nutrition intake during second trimester and weight gain during pregnancy of women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and to explore the effects of those factors on the pathogenesis of GDM,so as to provide a further scientific basis for nutritional guidance during pregnancy. Methods A total of 170 cases of patients with GDM who received treatment in the nutrition outpatient department of Beijing Friendship Hospital from October 2013 to October 2014 were enrolled in this study. According to pre - pregnancy body mass index,the subjects were divided into four groups:low weight group,normal weight group,overweight group and obesity group. By using 24 h dietary recall survey and food frequency survey method,dietary intake of nutrient during the second trimester was analyzed. Pearson correlation analyses were conducted on pre - pregnancy BMI,OGTT results,weight gain during pregnancy and total energy intake from diet. Results The obesity group was higher(P < 0. 05)than low weight group and normal weight group in fasting blood glucose and the 1 h and 2 h blood glucose after a meal;the over weight group was higher( P < 0. 05)than low weight group and normal weight group in fasting blood glucose and the 1 h blood glucose after OGTT;the normal weight group was higher (P < 0. 05)than the low weight group in fasting blood glucose;the normal weight group was not significantly different( P >0. 05)than the low weight group in 1 h and 2 h blood glucose after OGTT. The four groups were not significantly different(P >0. 05)in the total intake of energy,protein,fat and carbohydrate. The low weight group was higher(P < 0. 05)than the other three groups in exercise time. The four groups were not significantly different(P > 0. 05)in weight gain during pregnancy. The BMI before pregnancy was positively correlated( r = 0. 387,P < 0. 05)with fasting blood glucose,positively correlated( r =0. 279,P < 0. 05)with 1 h blood glucose after a meal and also positively correlated( r = 0. 164,P < 0. 05)with 2 h blood glucose after a meal. The weight gain during pregnancy was positively correlated(r = 0. 242,P < 0. 05)with the total intake of energy during pregnancy. Conclusion Overweight or obesity before pregnancy,unreasonable diet structure and excessive weight gain during pregnancy have correlation with gestational diabetes mellitus. Reasonable diet during pregnancy,balanced nutrition, the promotion of education about nutrition,the improvement of health care during perinatal period,the control of body weight within a reasonable increase may reduce the incidence of GDM and improve maternal and infant health.关键词
糖尿病,妊娠/糖尿病膳食/膳食调查/口服葡萄糖耐量试验/人体质量指数/体重增长Key words
Diabetes,gestationa/Diabetic diet/Diet surveys/Oral glucose tolerance test/Body mass index/Weight gain分类
医药卫生
