中国水产科学Issue(3)：602-610,9.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1118.2014.00602
调水调沙期间黄河口海域鱼类群落结构特征
Fish community structure in the Yellow River estuary:Effect of water and sediment discharge regulations
摘要
Abstract
The Yellow River estuary is located at the intersection between Bohai Bay and Laizhou Bay, and is an im-portant spawning, feeding, and rearing ground for marine organisms because of the abundant food supply. Water and sediment discharge regulations (WSDR) were implemented in 2002 and the period between June 16, 2012 and July 9, 2012 was the 14th time the regulations had been invoked. However, it is unclear whether the WSDR affects fish com-munity structure and distribution. We used survey data collected before, during, and after the WSDR were implemented in the Yellow River estuary in 2012 to compare the fish community structure and determine the ecological impact of the WSDR. Fifteen sample sites were established between 37°40′-38°10′N, 118°55′-119°35′E. We calculated the index of relative importance (IRI), the Margalef richness index (D), the Shannon’s diversity index (H′), and the Pielou’s even-ness index (J′) as measures of fish community structure. A total number of 39 species were captured during the three surveys, belonging to 8 orders, 23 families, and 37 genera, of which 27, 33, and 30 species were captured before, during, and after implementation of the WSDR, respectively. The dominant order was Perciformes. The assemblage was domi-nated by demersal fishes (percent of biomass=95.7%) before implementation of the WSDR and the dominant species was Chaeturichthys stigmatias. Conversely, the community was dominated by pelagic fishes during and after the WSDR were implemented (percent of biomass =72%and 67.1%, respectively). The dominant species were Chaetu-richthys stigmatias, Konosirus punctatus, Sardinella zunasi, and Engraulis japonicas. The community was dominated by warm water species in all three surveys. The average relative biomass was (6.4±1.9) kg/h and there was little differ-ence in biomass between sites prior to implementation of the WSDR. During implementation of the WSDR, the bio-mass was (62.1±29.1) kg/h and fish were primarily distributed offshore, particularly in the northwest of the estuary. Af-ter implementation of the WSDR, the biomass was (48.2±17.2) kg/h and fish primarily distributed in the estuary and the southeast of survy area. The Margalef richness index (D) was 1.24±0.10, 1.27±0.08, and 1.35±0.08 for the three surveys and was not different among the three surveys (P>0.05). Shannon’s diversity index (H′) was 0.63±0.04, 0.36±0.04, and 0.50±0.04 and Pielou’s evenness index (J′) was 1.44±0.09, 0.93±0.11, and 1.24±0.09 during the three surveys. H′and J′were highest before the WSDR was implemented and lowest during implementation of the WSDR, and were signifi-cantly different (P<0.01) among the three surveys. We conclude that sediment deposition altered the distribution of demersal fishes in the Yellow River estuary. However, the addition of large volumes of fresh water and nutrients into the Yellow River estuary had a positive effect on pelagic fishes, especially those that preyed on plankton. To more accu-rately determine the influence of WSDR on fish community structure, future analyses should account for environmental changes during implementation of the WSDR in the Yellow River estuary.关键词
调水调沙/黄河口/种类组成/优势种/空间分布/多样性/群落结构Key words
water and sediment discharge regulations/Yellow River estuary/species composition/dominant spe-cies/spatial distribution/diversity/community structure分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郑亮,吕振波,李凡,张岚,于文宋..调水调沙期间黄河口海域鱼类群落结构特征[J].中国水产科学,2014,(3):602-610,9.基金项目
农业部近海渔业资源调查管理项目(201206) （201206）
山东省海洋与渔业厅“黄河调水调沙生态环境影响监测与评价”项目(SD2010-2013) （SD2010-2013）
水生动物营养与饲料“泰山学者”岗位经费项目(TS200651036) （TS200651036）
