中国水产科学Issue(4)：645-653,9.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1118.2015.140492
饲料中不同碳水化合物水平对刺参幼参生长和能量收支的影响
Effects of dietary carbohydrate intake on the growth and energy budget of juvenile Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) sea cucumbers
摘要
Abstract
Carbohydrates are widely included in aquafeed as the major non-protein energy source owing to their wide availability and low cost. This study evaluated the effects of the quantity of dietary carbohydrates (25.61%, 34.55%, 45.31%, 55.82%, 66.09%) on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, and the energy budget of juvenile Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) sea cucumbers. Sea cucumbers were given feed with the dif-ferent percentages of carbohydrates for 60 days, with 3-replicates per treatment and 40 sea cucumbers per replicate [ x ±SE: (1.67±0.06) g, body weight]. During the experiment, the specific growth rate and feed conversion effi-ciency initially increased then decreased with higher levels of dietary carbohydrates. Based on second-order polynomial regression models of these variables, optimal carbohydrate levels for the sea cucumber were estimated to be 50.15%–53.95%. The protein efficiency ratios and energy consumed were significantly higher in diets with 45.31%–55.09% carbohydrates than in those with 25.61%–34.55%, demonstrating that carbohydrates provided energy for protein sparing. Dietary carbohydrate intake had significant effects on sea cucumber feed intake, feces production, and apparent digestibility coefficient. Optimal carbohydrate intake enhanced the efficiency of nutrient utilization. Whole body, body wall, and intestinal crude lipid content all increased with higher levels of dietary carbohydrates, where excess carbohydrates resulted in tissue lipid deposition. In diets with 66.09% carbohydrates, the percentage of energy intake used for growth significantly decreased, while energy accounted for by feces, ex-cretion, and respiration increased, indicating that excess dietary carbohydrates reduced energy utilization effi-ciency. In conclusion, optimal levels of dietary carbohydrate intake promoted growth and feed utilization in thesea cucumber, while lipid deposition and energy metabolism variability resulted from excess dietary carbohydrates.关键词
碳水化合物/刺参/生长/体组成/能量收支Key words
Apostichopus japonicus/carbohydrate/growth/body composition/energy budget分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
夏斌,王际英,李培玉,张利民,李宝山,宋志东,黄炳山..饲料中不同碳水化合物水平对刺参幼参生长和能量收支的影响[J].中国水产科学,2015,(4):645-653,9.基金项目
山东省现代农业产业技术体系刺参产业创新团队建设项目(SDAIT-08-011-08) （SDAIT-08-011-08）
国家海洋生物产业水生动物营养与饲料研发创新示范平台(201501002) （201501002）
国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201505022) （201505022）
