摘要
Abstract
Pixian, Hanyuan, Shehong, and Linshui are four ecological regions of Sichuan province representative. Pixian lies in Chengdu Plain, having plenty of fertile soil, but weak light. Hanyuan lies in the high altitude area of Panxi, with sufficient tem-perature and light resources. Shehong lies in the hilly area of mid Sichuan plateau, and is restricted by terrain so that the tempera-ture difference is small. Linshui lies in the hilly area of East Sichuan, it lacking in water resources and often having drought stress. The experiment was conducted in the high-yielding rice demonstration sites in four typical ecological regions of Sichuan Province to study milling quality, apparent quality, protein content, amylose content, RVA profile characteristic values of hybridindica rice with different yield levels under different cultivation patterns. The results were as follows: (1) There was a close relation between ecological conditions and rice grain quality. Pixian had the best milling quality among the four ecological regions, and Linshui had the worst one. The slightly higher temperature before and after full panicle stage and higher total N, total K, available P in the soil were in favor of the formation of high milling quality. Soil total P could significantly increase the rice aspect ratio. The high tem-perature at grain filling period increased the rice chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree, while high soil available P was of benefit to reducing the rice chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree. The high temperature in grain filling period was able to reduce the rice protein content. The rice amylose content was rising with the increase of soil organic matter. Peak viscosity had a significant negative correlation with soil total K. Breakdown viscosity had a significantly negative correlation with soil total K and available P, while a significantly positive correlation with the maximum temperature from 8 to 21 d before full heading. Consistency viscos-ity and peak time both had a significantly negative correlation with the maximum temperature from 14 to 21 d before full heading and the maximum temperature from heading to maturity. In addition, consistency and peak time had a significantly positive corre-lation with the soil available N. (2) Among cultivation patterns, mechanized direct-seeding gained the better milling quality. Op-timal casttransplanting had higher amylose content, but mechanized transplanting had higher peak viscosity and breakdown vis-cosity, and lower setback viscosity, resulting better cooking and eating quality. (3) High-yield and super high-yield plots had better milling quality, but relatively poor cooking and eating quality and apparent quality. This study provides a theoretical reference for the high yield and high quality cultivation techniques of hybridindica rice in Sichuan Province.关键词
杂交籼稻/生态区/栽培方式/高产/稻米品质Key words
Indica hybrid rice/Ecological regions/Cultivation patterns/High-yield/Rice quality
