植物营养与肥料学报Issue(6)：1497-1504,8.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2014.0620
我国大豆的生物固氮潜力研究
Study on potential of biological nitrogen fixation of soybean in China
摘要
Abstract
Objectives]Bio1ogica1 nitrogen fixation( BNF)is one of the imPortant sources of nitrogen for soybean. Excessive N ferti1izer inhibites the efficiencies of BNF and increases the cost of soybean Production in China. Understanding the N-fixtion caPacity of BNF without N ferti1izer inPut in different soybean P1anting regions in China is the key for reasonab1e N ferti1ization. For the reason we investigated Potentia1 of BNF and its distribution characteristics in this PaPer.[Methods]The method of 15 N natura1 abundance was emP1oyed to determine the BNF efficiency in 2011-2012 , the amounts of BNF and their contributions to the grain yie1d under no nitrogen ferti1ization conditions in 4 soybean Producing regions of China,inc1udeding Heihe,Daqing,Changchun,Tie1ing, Jining,Yan’an and Nanning city. This technique is based on PrinciP1e that the 15 N natura1 abundance of the reference P1ant which on1y obtains N from soi1 is higher than that of N2-fixing 1egume,then the difference can be interPreted quantitative1y to assess contribution of BNF. The reference P1ant must have same growth season with soybean,and it is a1so the same P1ant in different exPerimenta1 sites to ensure comParabi1ity of data. Maize which met above requirements was se1ected as the reference P1ant in this study.[Results]In norma1 rainfa11 years,the variation of the soybean BNF efficiency of different sites is observed between 47% -70%. The 1owest BNF efficiency is at Heihe and highest at Tie1ing. The amounts of BNF are in the range of N 92-150 kg/ha with the 1owest in Yan’an and the highest in Changchun,and their fixed N amounts in grain account for 65% -81%. The contribution rates of BNF to grain yie1ds are 1039-1867 kg/ha with the 1owest in Yan ’an and the highest in Changchun. In the Yan’an site,serious drought aPPeared before the f1owering stage in 2011,the number of nodu1e and the nitrogen-fixzation activity were intense1y inhibited,causing the decreases of the BNF efficiency. The efficiency,amount of BNF and the contribution rate to grain yie1d were decreased to 15%,N 24 kg/ha and 245 kg/ha resPective1y.[Conclusions]The findings above indicate that there are differences in the Potentia1 of BNF among the soybean P1anting regions,and a1so have obvious distribution characteristics. The BNF efficiencies gradua11y decrease from Tie1ing( temPerate zone)northwards to Heihe( co1d temPerate zone)and southwards to Nanning( subtroPica1 zone). Due to various P1anting densities and other factors in different sites,the variation of the amounts of BNF and their contribution to grain yie1ds are the highest in Northeast China,midd1e in Jining and Nanning and the 1owest in Yan’an.关键词
大豆/15 N自然丰度法/生物固氮效率/生物固氮量Key words
soybean/15 N natura1 abundance method/efficiency of bio1ogica1 nitrogen fixation/amount of bio1ogica1 nitrogen fixation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
关大伟,李力,岳现录,马鸣超,张武,李俊..我国大豆的生物固氮潜力研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,(6):1497-1504,8.基金项目
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-04）资助。 （）
