中国生态农业学报Issue(9)：1073-1082,10.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.150237
稻麦秸秆全量还田的产量与环境效应及其调控
Regulation and effect of 100%straw return on crop yield and environment
摘要
Abstract
Incorporation of crop straw into the soil is an major soil management practice that improves soil fertility for sustainable agriculture. However, its application is severely hindered by low economic efficiency, low yield and negative environmental effects. This paper reviewed the effects of returning 100% of crop straw into the soil on crop yield, the mechanism and characteristics of straw decomposition, and environmental effects and regulation of straw return. For this purpose, the paper reviewed a huge number of published scientific research papers on the progresses of the effects of crop straw return into the soil. The results showed that 100%straw return improved soil fertility and increased yield of wheat and rice, which increased with increasing time of straw return. The decomposition rates of wheat and rape straws were 50%-66% during rice growing season, respectively releasing 42%-58%, 55%-68% and 92%-98% of total straw nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) into the soil. Straw return significantly increased soil organic carbon storage and reduced runoff loss. However, it enhanced CH4 emission, ammonia volatilization and nutrient loss through leaching. In order to mitigate the negative effects of straw return on economic growth and the environment, it was necessary to increase the proportion of N fertilization at the early stage of rice and wheat growth, properly reduce the N fertilization dose during whole growing season, and reduce P fertilization and especially K fertilization rates. In order to reduce CH4 emission, it was recommended to apply straw return during dry periods and use intermittent flood/moist irrigation during rice growing season.关键词
稻麦/秸秆还田/增产机制/秸秆腐解/环境效应Key words
Rice and wheat/Straw incorporation/Yield increase mechanism/Straw decomposition/Environmental effect分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王德建,常志州,王灿,张刚,张斯梅..稻麦秸秆全量还田的产量与环境效应及其调控[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,(9):1073-1082,10.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ24B06)和江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目(CX(12)1002)资助 （2012BAJ24B06）
