摘要
Abstract
Objective:To understand the isolation rate and drug resistance of Gram-negative bacteria in our hos-pital from April to December 2014 and to promote the prevention and treatment of gram-negative bacterial infec-tions in our hospital , so as to provide the basis for rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinical practice . Meth-ods:Drug sensitivity tests of bacterial strains were conducted which were isolated by microbiological laboratory of our hospital from April to December 2014 . DL-96II semi-automatic bacterial assay system and drug sensitive ana-lyzer produced by Deere Company were used for bacterial identification and the analysis of the bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test data. Results:About 731 bacterial strains were isolated, 504 strains were gram-negative (68.9%) and 227 gram-positive ( 31 . 1%) . About 38 strains ( 42 . 2%) were extended spectrum of beta-lactamases ( ESBLs ) Escherichia coli strains , 18 strains were ESBLs Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.0%). Gram-negative bacilli were the main pathogenic bacteria in clinic, among which the top five bacteria included Klebsiella pneumoniae (100 strains, 19.8%) , Escherichia coli ( 90 strains , 17 . 8%) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 31 strains , 6 . 15%) , Acinetobacter baumannii ( 31 strains , 6 . 15%) and Enterobacter cloacae ( 28 strains , 5 . 56%) . The drug resistance rates of enterobacteriaceae to amikacin , imipenem , meropenem , cefepime , piperacillin tazobactam , cefoperazone sulbactam and minocycline were 1.0%~7.1%, 0.0%~2.0%, 0.0%~2.2%, 0.0%~24.4%, 2.0%~7.1%, 2.0%~7.1%, 6.7%~17.9% respec-tively , and extremely high resistance rates were showed , which was greater than 50%, to cefuroxime , cefazolin , ampicillin and compound sulfamethoxazole ( except Klebsiella pneumoniae ) . Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobac-ter baumannii as the non fermentative bacteria were detected with the same results . Acinetobacter baumannii was on-ly highly sensitive to minocycline, polymyxin B, meropenem, cefoperazone sulbactam and amikacin (the sensitive rate was greater than 80%), its resistance rates to imipenem and meropenem were 22.6% and 19.4% and very high resistance rates to other antibacterials . Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed high sensitive to polymyxin B , norfloxacin , levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin ( the sensitive rate was greater than 80%) , its resistant rates to imipenem and meropenem were 25 . 8% and 22 . 6% and very high resistance rates to other antibacterials . Conclusion:Gram-nega-tive bacteria are the main pathogenic bacteria for our hospital infections and the drug resistance of enterobacteri-aceae is serious . Clinicians should pay more attention to the submission rate for testing of pathogens and choose suitable antibacterials according to the results of drug sensitivity test .关键词
革兰阴性菌/病原菌/抗菌药物/耐药性分析Key words
Gram-negative Bacteria/Pathogenic Bacteria/Antibacterial Agents/Drug Resistance Analysis
