华北农学报Issue(4)：181-187,7.DOI:10.7668/hbnxb.2015.04.031
小麦玉米轮作体系氮、磷吸收与平衡研究
Study on Absorption and Balance of Nitrogen,Phosphorus in Winter Wheat and Summer Maize Rotation System
摘要
Abstract
In the current,application of nitrogen (N)and phosphorus (P)fertilizer is unreasonable in crop production,which serious threat to the environment,in order to explore a reasonable measures in applying N and P for the winter wheat and summer maize rotation system in North China Plain,and absorption and utilization status of N and P was analyzed basing on a few years foundation location test of water and nitrogen (phosphorus).In the win-ter wheat and summer maize rotation system,the split plot design was employed with main plot of water (limiting water and suitable water),sub-plot of nitrogen fertilizer 0 +0,60 +60,1 20 +1 20,1 80 +1 80,240 +240 and 300 +300 kg /ha respectively,for wheat and maize rotation system,and sub-plot of phosphorus fertilizer 75,1 50,225 kg /ha respectively for wheat,and three replicates in each sup-plot.The main results showed that N and P absorbing a-mount in shoot could be increased relying on application of N and P fertilizer,but it could not continue to bring high absorption when excessive application of N and P fertilizer.When annual N application amount reached 240 kg /ha, the higher N in shoot could be achieved,and N application amount reached to 21 8.7,243.5 kg /ha,which could en-sure the nitrogen surplus was zero.When annual P application amount reached 75 -1 50 kg /ha,the demand for P of wheat and maize would be met,but P application amount reached to 49.4,69.9 kg /ha,which could ensure the P surplus was zero.Compared with summer maize,the demand of nitrogen and phosphorus was higher for winter wheat,and which was 1 .42,1 .23 times respectively.1 00 kg grain nutrient uptake of wheat were 2.4,2.3 kg for N, and 0.61 kg for P under limiting water and suitable under water.When total nitrogen content were up to 0.1 02%and 0.097% respectively,and the total phosphorus content were 0.21 3% and 0.209% respectively under the con-dition of limited water and suitable water,and the overmeasure of N and P was zero.N and P in shoot were higher when soil moisture content was higher,but absorptive N and P amount per hundred kilograms grain that showed the opposite trend,it explained that better moisture condition can promote the absorption of N and P in plant,but the rate of nutrient uptake rate which was less than the yield increase.For winter wheat and summer maize rotation sys-tem,N and P balance would be achieved when N application rates was 21 8.7 -243.5 kg /ha,and P application rates was above 49.4 -69.9 kg /ha,respectively.关键词
氮/磷/盈余(亏)量/百千克籽粒吸氮(磷)量/吸氮(磷)量Key words
N/P/Overmeasure (defucuebcy)/Absorptive N (P)amount per 1 00 kg grain/N (P)in shoot分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
吕丽华,张经廷,董志强,姚艳荣,梁双波,贾秀领..小麦玉米轮作体系氮、磷吸收与平衡研究[J].华北农学报,2015,(4):181-187,7.基金项目
“十二五”国家科技支撑计划粮食丰产科技工程项目（2013BAD07B05；2011 BAD16B08）；河北省渤海粮仓建设项目 （）
