北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）Issue(5)：504-510,7.DOI:10.16360/j.cnki.jbnuns.2015.05.013
野牛的种群现状、生态习性及致危因素∗
Population status,ecological habit and threatened factors of wild gaurs (Bos gaurus):a review
摘要
Abstract
The wild gaur (Bos gaurus)is a rare and most endangered species in China.This species is also listed in the IUCN Red Data Book as vulnerable and in Appendix I by CITES.Now wild gaurs are restricted to tiny,fragmented populations in areas of Southern and Southeastern Asia including China,India,Bangladesh, Nepal,Bhutan,Vietnam,Laos,Cambodia,Thailand,Myanmar and Malaysia.The global population is estimated to be 13 000 30 000 with a total of 5 200 18 000 mature individuals.A survey conducted by the Chinese government in 1996 2000 showed a total of 480 gaurs in Xishuangbanna and Puer of Yunnan Province. This paper reviews the population status and impacting environmental factors on the wild gaur by referring to both literature and field investigation in 2013. Currently, there are four major factors threatening the subsistence of wild gaurs:1 )habitat loss and fragmentation,2 )poaching and illegal trade,3 )population decline and hybridizing contamination,4)diseases including infectious diseases.Wild gaur population is declining continuously,the species is on the brink of extinction.The status of gaur population has drawn attention from scientists and governmental officers in recent years.Consequently some efforts have been made including constructing biological corridors between different habitats in which gaur habituated.However,the efficacy of those works is not easy to evaluate due to the lack of basic ecological knowledge about gaur.Thus, we suggest that a national survey on gaur population be carried as soon as possible,protection of existing habitat be strengthened,habitat fragmentation be prevented.Legislative enforcement and management and monitoring should be strengthened to encourage restoration of gaurs in the wild.关键词
云南野牛/濒危动物/种群现状/保护Key words
Bos gaurus/endangered mammals/population status/conservation分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
尹峰,马凯,刘定震..野牛的种群现状、生态习性及致危因素∗[J].北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）,2015,(5):504-510,7.基金项目
国家林业局珍稀濒危物种野外救护与繁育资助项目(2012-2013年度项目) （2012-2013年度项目）
