干旱地区农业研究Issue(5)：217-224,8.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2015.05.38
棉秆生物炭对大丽轮枝菌生长及毒素作用的影响
Influences of cotton biochar on growth and toxin effect of Verticillium dahliae
摘要
Abstract
The verticillium wilt of cotton is difficult to control because microsclerotia formed by Verticillium dahlia kleb .can resist the adverse environment and allow a long-term survival in the soil .The application of cotton biochar can overcome the disadvantages of straw returning and prevent the entrance of Verticillium dahlia kled .into the soil .The ob-jective of this study is to explore the influence mechanism of cotton biochar on Verticillium dahlia kleb .by examinig the effects of cotton biochar on the mycelial growth ,microsclerotium germination and toxin secretion of Verticillium dahlia kleb .Shake cultivation and plate culture were used to test the resulting influences of cotton biochar on the mycelial growth of V . dahlia and the germination of microsclerotium .The dish dipping method was used to observe the germina-tion of cotton seed and melon seed to investigate the effects of biochar on reducing toxicity of Verticillium dahlia .Results showed that cotton biochar had no significant effects on the mycelial growth of V . dahlia under liquid culturing condi-tion ,while it had promotional effects under solid culture condition .In addition ,cotton biochar inhibited the germination rate of the microsclerotium .As treatment time went on ,the inhibition effect became disappeared .Moreover ,the addition of cotton biochar seriously reduced the toxicity of V . dahlia under liquid culture conditions .At the mid-stage of liquid culturation ,cotton seed germination rates were 53 .3% and 33 .3% after 12 days in the treatments of 2 .0 g·L-1 biochar and CK ,respectively ( P<0 .05) .At the prophase ,middle and late stages ,the seedling length with the treatment of 0 .5 g·L-1 biochar were 3 .9 ,1 .1 and 2 .2 times more than that with the CK treatment ,respectively .Compared to CK , biochar enhanced the melon seed germination , radicle length , plumule length and seedling length . In conclusion , biochar could slightly inhibit the mycelial growth and microsclerotium germination of V . dahlia ,while it could signifi-cantly reduce the toxicity of V . dahlia .关键词
生物碳/棉花黄萎病/大丽轮枝菌/毒素Key words
biochar/Cotton Verticillium wilt/Verticillium dahliae kleb ./toxin分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
马云艳,顾美英,徐万里,王东胜,孙跃跃,薛泉宏..棉秆生物炭对大丽轮枝菌生长及毒素作用的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,(5):217-224,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目 （）
