农业工程学报Issue(16)：16-21,6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.16.003
横向喂入式苎麻剥麻机的设计与试验
Design and experiment of transverse-feeding ramie decorticator
摘要
Abstract
Ramie fiber is a type of natural fiber that has long history in civilization. It plays a very important role in Chinese textile process industry. With characteristics of good tensile strength, excellent ventilation, quickly water absorption and volatilization and well corrosion, ramie fiber is prevalent as textile material of making shirt, western-style clothes, T-shirts, underwears health socks, summer beddings and summer sleeping mats. Ramie, as a kind of bast fiber crop, its bast is difficult to be separated from the ramie stem. Therefore, ramie harvesting and fiber peeling cost heavy money and plenty of time. Until present days, people still use the manual decorticator and small-sized motor decorticator to peel ramie fiber in China. These methods are of high cost and intense manual labor, thus China is still far away from solving the difficulty in peeling ramie fiber. Small-sized motor decorticator and simple manual decorticator have been used for peeling ramie fiber in China. Due to the lower production capacity, they can not meet the demands of ramie fiber harvesting in time in large-scale cultivated area. In order to solve the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency of ramie fiber decortication, high efficiency ramie decorticator was developed. This new ramie decorticator discards old traditional method of processing ramie. With this machine, we designed double peeling cylinders located at both inside and outside of the grip chain to segmentally process the bottom and top of full ramie stems, and transverse fed the stems of ramie, which greatly improved the efficiency of ramie decortication. This high efficiency ramie decorticator implemented mechanization of ramie stem feeding, peeling, fiber water washing and collection. We produced the first transverse feed ramie decorticator, carried out experiments on sample machine and launched the quality test of decorticated fiber. Since this machine can reduce the auxiliaries working time and process ramie stem continuously, it enhances the productivity substantially. Experiment results showed that productivity of this machine was 131kg/h, which was 19 times as much as small-sized motor decorticator, and fiber percentage of fresh ramie stem was 4.15%, which basically reached the design requirement. According to the sample test analysis, the percentage of ramie impurities content was 1.09%, which was lower than that of the second level ramie impurities content (1.5%); the rubber content of ramie was 23.28%, which was lower than that of the required standard of machine decorticated ramie (≤28%);and the breaking strength of ramie bundle was 4.59 cN/dtex, which exceeded that of the first level degummed ramie (≥4.50 cN/dtex) set by national standard. All these data showed that the quality of fiber decorticated by the sample decorticator meet the requirements of textile enterprises. This ramie decorticator with high efficiency and high (stable) fiber quality is suitable for large-scale ramie base.关键词
农业机械/剥离/喂入/苎麻/出麻率Key words
agricultural machinery/stripping/feeding/ramie/fiber percentage of fresh ramie stem分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
吕江南,龙超海,赵举,马兰,吕洪兵,刘佳杰,何宏彬..横向喂入式苎麻剥麻机的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2013,(16):16-21,6.基金项目
国家麻类产业技术体系初加工机械与设备岗位（CARS-19-E21）；国家科技支撑计划项目课题（2010BAD02B02）；湖南省科技计划一般项目（2009NK3148）。 （）
