生态环境学报Issue(2)：357-364,8.
微囊藻毒素的致毒机理和人体健康风险评价研究进展
Advances in the study of toxicology and human health risk assessment of microcystin
摘要
Abstract
Microcystin, as a major cyanotoxin in the waterbody around the world, has great harm to human health. This paper summarizes the research progresses on the mechanisms of microcystin’s toxicity and the evaluation of human health risks of microcystin. There are four pathways of microcystin’s toxic mechanisms including making cell necrosis by causing the damage of cell structure ,inducing cell apoptosis,inducing cell mutagenesis,inducing gene mutation and DNA lesion. The present research hotspot has already turn from damaging cell structure to the molecular mechanisms of Microcystin inducing cell toxicity, and researchers has acquired some achievement in the molecular mechanism involved in microcystin toxicity. These findings provide a basis and standard for human health risk assessment. However, the study ofmicrocystin’s toxicology and assessment have a lot of open issues. The defects of the researches in molecular mechanism mediated by microcystin, toxicokinetics of microcystin and the relationship between cell mutagenesis and apoptosis induced by microcystin have been discussed in the article. And the article also presents some opinions on human health risk assessment of microcystin:(1) There is a big difference between the exposure route of animal experiment and actual situation, so we need to build new exposure mode. (2) The poison efficiency of pure microcystin is obviously lower than that of natural water containing with the same concentration of toxin, but the present risk assessment research nearly all relies on the experimental data of based on pure toxin, so we need to correct it. (3) The research of combined toxicity of different types of microcystin are absent. (4) There is a urgent demand of building the method of rapid risk assessment of microcystin.关键词
微囊藻毒素/健康评估/致毒机理/指导值/基因毒性Key words
microcystin/health risk assessment/toxic mechanism/guidance values/genotoxicity分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
黄艺,张郅灏..微囊藻毒素的致毒机理和人体健康风险评价研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2013,(2):357-364,8.基金项目
国家“十二五”水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07501002006) （2012ZX07501002006）
