作物学报Issue(3)：537-548,12.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00537
三种栽植方式下不同株型和化感特性水稻对无芒稗的干扰控制作用
Interference of Rice with Different Morphological Types and Allelopathy on Barnyardgrass under Three Planting Patterns
摘要
Abstract
The interference effects of 17 rice materials with different morphological and allelopathic characteristics on Echinoch-loa crus-galli were studied using split-split plot experiment design. Three common rice planting patterns including water direct seeding, small rice seedling transplanting and big rice seedling transplanting were designed as main treatment, and two weeding inoculations, barnyardgrass mixture transplanting and without barnyardgrass as split treatment, and 17 rice materials as split-split treatment. The results showed that direct seeding and small seedling transplanting treatments had better inhibitory effects on plant height, tiller ability and dry weight of barnyardgrass compared with big seedling transplanting treatment. The rice with advanta-geous morphological and allelopathic characteristics could suppress barnyardgrass effectively. With 30 plants per square meter of barnyardgrass interference competition, the rice yield under three different planting patterns was not significantly different, with 21.73%of reduction due to weed interference. On the other hand, the allelopathic rice materials Xiayitiao, IR644-1-63-1-1 and Gumei 2 controlled barnyardgrass effectively, remaining relatively better rice yield in spite of weed infestation. Barnyardgrass competition restrained rice growth, especially in direct seeding treatment. Under such circumstances, the rice plant height, tillering ability and dry weight in most growth stages of direct seeding treatment were worse than those of transplanting treatments. The effects of weed competition on rice agronomic traits were quite different. Allelopathic rice material Xiayitiao had better tillering ability in tiller stage, and higher plant height and dry weight at most growth stages. Weed infestation could not affect the rice ulti-mat plant height, but influence rice tillering ability, stem and panicle dry weight remarkably. Weed competition did not change grain weight significantly under three rice planting patterns. The grain weight per rice plant in transplanting treatments was sig-nificantly greater than that in direct seeding. The panicle length, total panicle number, setting number and seed setting percentage were also notably larger than those in direct seeding. Both panicle number and setting number of allelopathic rice materials Gumei 2, IR644-1-63-1-1, TN1, and PI312777 were smaller. Although panicle number of allelopathic rice Xiayitiao was smaller, the seed setting percentage was quite higher. Rice materials Zhongzao 27, Zhe 207, Zhe 101, and Zhongzao 22 had higher 1000-grain weight. The 1000-grain weight of allelopathic rice Gumei 2 was significantly larger than those of IR644-1-63-1-1, TN1, and PI312777. The grain weight of Zhe 101, Zhe 207, and Zhongzao 22 was higher;meanwhile, the grain weight of allelopathic rice 156 was significantly larger than that of Gumei 2, Xiayitiao, IR644-1-63-1-1, TN1, and PI312777.关键词
水稻栽植方式/无芒稗/化感/干扰控制/产量Key words
Rice planting patterns/Echinochloa crus-galli/Allelopathy/Interference/Yield引用本文复制引用
徐正浩,谢国雄,周宇杰,高屾..三种栽植方式下不同株型和化感特性水稻对无芒稗的干扰控制作用[J].作物学报,2013,(3):537-548,12.基金项目
本研究由国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项,中国博士后科学基金项目(2003034522),浙江省科技计划项目(2008C23010),浙江省教育厅科研计划项目(Y201224845),杭州市科技计划项目(20101032B03,20101032B21)和诸暨市科技计划项目(2011BB7461)资助 （农业）
