作物学报2016，Vol.42Issue(1)：70-81,12.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.00070
三种禾谷类作物强、弱势粒淀粉粒形态与粒度分布的比较
Comparison of Starch Granule Morphology and Size Distribution in Superior and Inferior Grains of Three Cereal Crops
摘要
Abstract
Using two rice cultivars, two wheat cultivars, and two maize cultivars, we extracted starch granules to observe the morphological characteristics and to compare the differences in the starch granule number, volume and surface area distributions among the three crops and between superior and inferior grains of each cultivar. The results showed that significant differences were observed in starch granule morphology and size among the three crops. The diameter of starch granule showed an order of maize > wheat > rice. Starch granules extracted in rice showed an irregular shape, the starch granules in wheat were lenticu-lar-shaped and spherical-shaped. The starch granules in maize grain were mainly polyhedral or irregular and spherical in shape. Distributions of starch granule number, volume and surface area were changed in a typical unimodal-peak curve, a triple-peak curve and a typical bimodal-peak curve, respectively, in grains of rice and maize. Distributions of starch granule number, volume and surface area in wheat grains displayed a typical unimodal-peak curve, a four-peak curve and a triple-peak curve, respectively. According to starch granule diameters, all the starch granules were classified into small, medium, and large granules in this study. The thresholds for separating the starch granules were 1.5μm and 20.0μm, 5.0μm and 50.0μm, 4.0μm and 50.0μm, respec-tively, in rice, wheat and maize. The total volume of starch granules in grains of the three cereal crops was mainly determined by the volume of medium starch granules. No significant difference was observed in the proportions of small starch granule size and medium starch granule number between superior and inferior grains of the three cereal crops. But the volume and surface area of medium starch granules were larger in superior grains than in inferior ones. The percentage of large starch granules was greater in the inferior than in the superior. Changes in the volume of medium starch granules in both superior and inferior grains were con-sistent with those in starch accumulation and grain weight. The results suggest that the starch granule volume is an important fac-tor determining grain weight. Increasing the volume of medium starch granules or reducing the volume of large starch granules would increase the weight of inferior grains.关键词
淀粉粒/形态/粒度分布/强势粒/弱势粒/水稻/小麦/玉米Key words
Starch granule/Morphology/Size distribution/Superior grains/Inferior grains/Rice/Wheat/Maize引用本文复制引用
徐云姬,李银银,钱希旸,王志琴,杨建昌..三种禾谷类作物强、弱势粒淀粉粒形态与粒度分布的比较[J].作物学报,2016,42(1):70-81,12.基金项目
本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31271641,31471438,31461143015),中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(农业)(201103003,201203079),江苏省农业三新工程项目(SXGC[2014]313)和江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)专项经费资助。The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271641,31471438,31461143015), China National Public Welfare Industry (Agriculture) Plan (201103003,201203079), Jiangsu“Three-innovation”Agricultural Project (SXG2014313), and the Priority Aca-demic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD) （31271641,31471438,31461143015）
