中国农业科学Issue(19)：3779-3793,15.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.19.001
扬麦系列品种品质性状相关基因的分子检测
Molecular Detection for Quality Traits-Related Genes in Yangmai Series Wheat Cultivars
摘要
Abstract
Objective]The purpose of this study is to clarify the distribution of quality-related genes in Yangmai series wheat varieties and provide guidance for wheat genetic breeding and production.[Method]Single pedigree of twenty-one Yangmai wheat varieties were selected. Grain hardness was measured by single grain analyzer SKCS-4100. Hardness gene, low molecular weight glutenin subunit gene (LMW-GS),Wxgene coding key enzyme for amylose synthesis, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) gene, yellow pigment content (PSY) gene and pre-harvest sprouting tolerance (Vp1) gene were detected in twenty-one Yangmai wheat varieties by their corresponding functional markers through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technology, while high molecular weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GS)andWx protein subunits composition were detected by SDS-PAGE.[Result]There are sixteen soft wheat through grain hardness analyzer, which accounted for 76.19%, however, the hard and mixed wheat only accounted for 19.05% and 4.76%, respectively. In hardness and mixed wheat, there are four varieties withpinb-D1b mutation, but in sixteen soft wheat, no mutation ofPinb-D1bwas found. When detecting the composition of HMW-GS, allele 1 and Null accounted for 38.10% and 61.90%, respectively, at theGlu-A1locus, and allele 7+8 and 7+9 atGlu-B1 took up 57.14% and 42.86%, respectively, whereas at theGlu-D1 locus, allele 2+12 was 85.71%, 5+10 was 14.29%, respectively. Meanwhile, for LMW-GS compositions, “Glu-A3c,Glu-B3g” was the main genotype. Genotype frequencies ofGlu-A3c and Glu-A3d were 90.48% and 9.52%, respectively.Glu-B3gandGlu-B3i frequencies were 95.24% and 4.76%, respectively. Molecular detection indicated that the allele variationWx-B1bwhich resulted in the subunitWx-B1 deletion was only found in Yangmai13. However, SDS-PAGE method turned out that Yangmai13 and Yangmai5 both lacked Wx-B1 subunit. Results also showed that, in all twenty-one Yangmai varieties, at 2AL locus for PPO activity, the frequency ofPpo-A1a for high PPO activity was 52.38%, andPpo-A1b related low PPO activity was 42.86%. Apart fromPpo-A1b, another low PPO related genePpo-D1 located on 2DL, whose frequency was 90.48%. It was also found that phytoene synthase genes Psy-A1aand Psy-A1baccounted for 19.05% and 80.95%, respectively. When detecting pre-harvest sprouting tolerance gene with markerVp1B3, tolerant genotypeVp1Bc and susceptible genotypeVp1Bawere amplified in this report, accounting for 90.48% and 9.52%, respectively.[Conclusion]Most Yangmai varieties were soft wheat, which was due to thepinb-D1agenotype atpinb-D1 locus, Null and 2 + 12 atGlu-A1 andGlu-D1 loci andGlu-A3catGlu-A3 locus. These varieties can be applied as donor parents in weak gluten wheat breeding. Quality of middle-gluten wheat Yangmai15 and Yangmai16 were superior mostly because of the Pinb-D1locus mutation, so the selection ofPinb-D1mutation should be enhanced in quality improvement breeding for middle-gluten wheat. Yangmai1, Yangmai4, Yangmai5, Yangmai9, Yangmai18, Yangmai19 and Yangmai22 with low polyphenol oxidase activities and low yellow pigment content could be used as donors for selecting materials with high flour whiteness and good color. Yangmai158, Yangmai10, Yangmai16 and Yangmai17 varieties withPinb-D1b allele, Yangmai2, Yangmai4 and Yangmai5 with subunit pair of “5+10” atGlu-D1 locus, Yangmai13 and Yangmai5 withWx-B1 deletion, could be applied to the protein and starch quality improvement of middle-gluten wheat for their high quality traits.关键词
普通小麦/品质/基因/分子标记Key words
common wheat/quality/gene/molecular markers引用本文复制引用
张晓,张伯桥,江伟,吕国锋,张晓祥,李曼,高德荣..扬麦系列品种品质性状相关基因的分子检测[J].中国农业科学,2015,(19):3779-3793,15.基金项目
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-3-1-1，CARS-3-2-11）、江苏省农业科技自主创新探索性研究项目（CX（13）5070）、江苏省科技支撑计划（BE2012305，BE2014351）、扬州大学教育部植物功能基因组学重点实验室 （）
