植物营养与肥料学报2015，Vol.21Issue(6)：1529-1535,7.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2015.0619
长期施肥褐土有效磷对磷盈亏的响应
Response of Olsen-P to P balance in cinnamon soil under long-term fertilization
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives] The study on the relation of soil phosphorus availability with phosphorous balance under long-term fertilization will provides theoretical basis for scientific application of phosphorus and keep sustainable high production efficiency in the dry farming area of loess plateau .[Methods] The study was based on the long-term fertilizer experiment of cinnamon soil in Shouyang County , Shanxi Province .Soil samples were collected from nine treatments: without fertilization ( CK ) , four single chemical fertilizer treatments ( N1 P1 , N2 P2 , N3 P3 and N4 P4 ) ,three organic and inorganic fertilizer combination treatments ( N2 P1 M1 , N3 P2 M3 and N4 P2 M2 ) , and one single manure treatment ( N0 P0 M6 ) .The soil phosphorus contents in 0-20 cm layer were determined every 5 years, plant biomass was investigated in the same year after harvest , and the P contents in plants were determined .The amount removed by maize and the cumulative surplus of phosphorus were calculated .[Results] In the long-term without P fertilizer input , the soil phosphorus is in a deficit state with annual decline rate of 0.02 mg/( kg · a ) . With only chemical fertilizer input , soil available phosphorus contents have been increased with the increased exogenous P input , the annual increment in treatments ( N1 P1 , N2 P2 , N3 P3 and N4 P4 ) are 1.04 , 1.08 , 1.70 and 2.13 mg/( kg · a ) .With combined use of manure and chemical fertilizers ( treatments N2 P1 M1 , N3 P2 M3 and N4P2M2), the annual soil Phosphorus increments are 1.70, 3.73 and 4.72 mg/(kg· a), that with only manure is in 5.63 mg/( kg· a) .Long-term no fertilizer input leads to the deficit of soil phosphorus , every annual deficit of P 100 kg/hm2 will result in an average decrease of available phosphorus content of 0.5 mg/kg.With the continuous manure input , soil P is in state of accumulation , every increase accumulation of P 2 O5 100 kg/hm2 will lead to average increase of 4.3 mg/kg of available P 2 O5 .Manure and chemical fertilizers have synergistic effect , the every P increase of 100 kg/hm2 will lead to average increase of available P of 9.1 mg/kg.The fastest increase in available P content is obtained in treatment N 2 P1 M1 , i.e.the annual P2 O5 input is 65 kg/hm2 , with the soil P2 O5 accumulation of 100 kg/hm2 , the content of soil available phosphorus will be averagely increased by 17.1 mg/kg.[Conclusions] Soil available phosphorus content is affected by the surplus and deficit of soil phosphorus , and also by the P2O5 input amount.The annual P2O5 input of 37.5-65 kg/hm2 will basically meet the demand for the growth of crops, and produce high phosphate fertilizer efficiency and less accumulation in the soil .The annual P2 O5 inputs of 112 kg/hm2 , will lead to a large amount of phosphorus surplus in soil , which not only results in low response of crop yields but , also causes harm to farmland environment .关键词
褐土/长期施肥/磷盈亏/有效磷Key words
cinnamon soil/long-term fertilization/P balance/Olsen-P分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
杨振兴,周怀平,解文艳,关春林,车丽..长期施肥褐土有效磷对磷盈亏的响应[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(6):1529-1535,7.基金项目
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203030 -08 -03) （农业）
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2011BAD09B01) （2011BAD09B01）
山西省科技攻关项目(20130311009-3)资助. （20130311009-3）
