植物营养与肥料学报2015，Vol.21Issue(6)：1642-1651,10.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2015.0632
滴灌氮肥用量对设施菜地硝态氮含量及环境质量的影响
Nitrate nitrogen contents and quality of greenhouse soil applied with different N rates under drip irrigation
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives] Drip irrigation could effectively inhibit nutrient leakage as water and nutrients can be accurately sent to close the crop root zone .In this paper , the soil mineral N contents and environmental qualities were detected under different N rates and drip irrigation , to provide a base for efficient N management in vegetable production .[Methods] A three-years feild experiment was conducted with winter-spring cucumber and autumn-winter tomato double cropping system in a greenhouse .Four N rates were applied as 0, 300, 600, 900 kg/hm2 for cucumber and 0, 225, 450, 675 kg/hm2 for tomato under drip irrigation ( correspondingly recorded as N 0 , N1 ,N2 , N3 ) .The mineral nitrogen contents , salinity ( EC5:1 ) and acidity ( pH ) of 0-100 cm soil depth were investigated , and the economic and environmental efficiencies of N were calculated .[Results] As the elongation of the cropping year, the NO3--N contents under N2 and N3 treatments in 0-100 cm soil profile were significantly increased from 14.4-31.1 and 14.9-41.0 mg/kg in cucumber season in 2008 , respectively , to 76.4-119.8 and 129.0 -184.5 mg/kg in tomato season in 2010 , respectively , increased by 0.3 -1.8 and 0.5 -2.0 times respectively.The electrical conductivity ( EC5:1 ) of 0-100 cm soil profile under N2 and N3 was significantly increased from 379.6-514.3 and 407.0-476.7 μS/cm, respectively , to 663.0-1212.4 and 710.0-1359.6μS/cm of tomato season in 2010, respectively, increased by 0.3-1.8 and 0.5-2.0 times.The N rates in N1 was 33.3%-50%of N2 and N3 .Compared with N2 and N3 , the NO3--N content and EC 5:1 of N1 decreased by 35.5%-67.4%and 6.0%-25.2%after three years cultivation , and the pH and NUE increased by 0.06-0.18 unit and 9.0-13.8 percentage points .[Conclusions] Under this condition , the proper N rate for winter-spring cucumber and autumn-winter tomato was recommend as N 300 and 225 kg/hm2 .In most crop seasons ( 5 seasons ) , the NO3--N contents in 0-60 cm depth were in the proper range for cucumber and tomato growth , and no significant accumulation of NO 3--N was observed below 60 cm in the soil under this recommended N rate .关键词
蔬菜/施氮量/土壤硝态氮含量/EC5:1/pHKey words
vegetable/N rate/NO3--N content/EC5:1/pH分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李若楠,武雪萍,张彦才,王丽英,李孝兰,陈丽莉,翟凤芝..滴灌氮肥用量对设施菜地硝态氮含量及环境质量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(6):1642-1651,10.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划课题(2015BAD22B03) （2015BAD22B03）
863课题(2013AA102901) （2013AA102901）
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203077) （农业）
河北省农林科学院科学技术研究与发展计划项目(A2015130101)资助. （A2015130101）
