动物营养学报2015，Vol.27Issue(7)：2115-2127,13.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.07.017
大豆抗原蛋白对南美白对虾生长、消化及非特异性免疫的影响
Effects of Soybean Allergic Proteins on Growth, Digestion and Non-Specific Immune of Litopenaeus vannamei
摘要
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of soybean glycinin and β-conglycinin on growth, digestion and non-specific immune of Litopenaeus vannamei when the dietary fish meal ( FM) and soybean meal ( SBM) substitution with fermented soybean meal ( FSBM) . In experiment 1, five isonitroge-nous and isoenergetic diets were formulated for L. vannamei, a basal diet ( D0 group) contained 30% FM and 15% SBM was formulated firstly, and then the FM and SBM (2:1) in the basal diets were replaced by 2%( D2 group) , 5% ( D5 group) , 8% ( D8 group) and 15% ( D15 group) of FSBM, respectively. In experi-ment 2, three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated for L. vannamei, a basal diet ( the same as D0 group in experiment 1) was formulated firstly, and then replacing SBM in the basal diet with casein ( no al-lergic proteins, DC group) and soybean protein isolate ( contained a little allergic proteins, DF group) com-pletely to meet the lower soybean allergic proteins in diets. L. vannamei with the initial average body weight of (5.86±0.04) g were randomly assigned to 7 groups with 3 replicates of 60 shrimp for each group in outdoor cement tank cultured 44 days. Results of experiment 1 showed that with FSBM supplemental level increasing,the feed conversion ratio ( FCR) was firstly decreased and then increased and the lowest value was found in D5 group;protein efficiency ratio ( PER) and survival rate ( SR) were firstly increased and then decreased and the highest values were found in D5 and D8 groups, respectively. The whole body crude protein and crude lipid contents, and hepatosomatic index in D8 group were the highest, and significantly higher than those in D5 group ( P<0.05) . The apparent digestibility of dry matter ( ADDM) in D15 group was significantly lower than that in D0 group ( P<0.05);the apparent digestibility of crude protein ( ADCP) in D5 group was significantly lower than that in other groups ( P<0.05) . The activities of amylase, lipase and trypsin in hepatopancreas were firstly increased and then decreased, and the highest values were found in D8, D5 and D2 groups, respective-ly. The activities of superoxide dismutase ( SOD) , lysozyme ( LYZ) and alkaline phosphatase ( AKP) in hep-atopancreas were observed a tendency of decrease with FSBM supplemental level increasing. Hepatopancreas aspartate aminotransferase ( AST) activity in D5, D8 and D15 groups was significantly lower than that in D0 group ( P<0.05) , while hepatopancreas alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) activity in D2 group was significantly lower than that in other groups ( P<0.05) . Results of experiment 2 showed that SR, PER and FCR were signif-icant differences in all groups ( P<0.05) , and highest values were found in DF group. The whole body crude protein content in DC and DF groups was significantly higher than that in D0 group (P<0.05); the whole body crude lipid content in DF group was significantly lower than that in DC and D0 groups ( P<0.05); the hepatosomatic index in DC group was significantly higher than that in DF and D0 groups (P<0.05). ADDM and ADCP had the lowest values in DF group, which were significantly lower than those in D0 and DC groups ( P<0.05) . The activities of amylase and lipase in hepatopancreas were showed that DC group>DF group>D0 group, and significant differences were found among all groups ( P<0.05); the activity of trypsin in hepato-pancreas DC group was significantly lower than that in D0 group ( P<0.05) . The hepatopancreas SOD activity in DC group was significantly lower than that in DF group ( P<0.05) , and the hepatopancreas LYZ activity in DC group was significantly lower than that in D0 group ( P<0. 05 ) , while the activities of hepatopancreas AKP, AST and ALT in DC group were significantly higher than those in D0 and DF groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, soybean allergic proteins ( glycinin and β-coglycinin) affect growth, digestion and non-specific immune of L. vannamei. Decreasing of allergic proteins content in diets has beneficial effects for FM and SBM in diets are replaced by FSBM. In present experiment, suggesting that FM and SBM are replaced by no more than 15% of FSBM is feasible in the formulation of L. vannamei diet.关键词
替代/南美白对虾/秘鲁鱼粉/发酵豆粕/生长/肝胰腺指标Key words
replacement/Litopenaeus vannamei/Peru fish meal/fermented soybean meal/growth/hepato-pancreas parameters分类
水产学引用本文复制引用
陈晓明,华雪铭,朱伟星,何亚丁,税春,吴钊,陈青青,孔纯..大豆抗原蛋白对南美白对虾生长、消化及非特异性免疫的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(7):2115-2127,13.基金项目
上海市高校能力建设项目(14320502000) （14320502000）
水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心(ZF1206) （ZF1206）
