动物营养学报2015，Vol.27Issue(12)：3821-3830,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.12.022
益生菌对军曹鱼幼鱼生长性能、消化酶和免疫酶活性的影响
Effects of Probiotics on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzyme and Immune Enzyme Activities of Juvenile Cobia ( Rachycentron canadum )
摘要
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus as separate or mixed in diets on the growth performance, digestive enzyme and immune enzyme activities of ju-venile cobia ( Rachycentron canadum ) . Eight hundred and forty healthy juvenile cobia with an initial body weight of (22.00±0.15) g were randomly divided into 7 groups (groups T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6, respectively) with 3 replicates per group and 40 fish per replicate. The group T0 was used as control group, and fish in this group were fed a basal diet for 50 days;the fish in groups T1, T2 and T3 were fed diets contai-ning 1×107 CFU/g B. subtilis, 1×107 CFU/g L. acidophilus and 2×107 CFU/g B. subtilis and L. acidophilus mixture ( mass ratio of B. subtilis and L. acidophilus=1:1) for 30 days and then 20 days switched to basal di-et, respectively; the fish in groups T4, T5 and T6 were fed diets containing 1 × 107 CFU/g B. subtilis, 1 × 107 CFU/g L. acidophilus and 2×107 CFU/g B. subtilis and L. acidophilus mixture for 50 days, respectively. The results showed as follows: compared with control group, the weight gain rate ( WGR) in groups T1 and T2 had no significant difference ( P>0.05) , but the WGR in groups T3, T4, T5 and T6 was significantly in-creased ( P<0.05) , and the group T6 had the maximum value which was significantly higher than that in other groups ( P<0.05) . The specific gain rate ( SGR) had a similar changing trend to WGR. The feed conversion ratio ( FCR) in groups T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 was significantly lower than that in control group ( P<0.05) , meanwhile, the FCR in groups T4 and T6 was significantly lower than that in other probiotics supplemental groups ( P<0.05) . Diets with supplementation of probiotics could significantly enhance the activities of amylase and protease in liver (P<0.05), and improve the activity of protease in intestine (P<0.05). The activity of amylase in intestine in control goup, groups T3 and T4 was significantly lower than that in groups T5 and T6,and significantly higher than that in groups T1 and T2 ( P<0. 05 ) . Diet with supplementation of probiotics could significantly improve the activity of serum lysozyme ( LZM) ( P<0.05) . The serum total superoxide dis-mutase ( T-SOD) activity in continuous feeding groups ( groups T4, T5 and T6) was significantly higher than that in control group ( P<0.05) , and the serum T-SOD activity in group T6 was significantly higher than that in groups T4 and T5 ( P<0. 05 ) . However, the serum T-SOD activity in non-continuous feeding groups ( groups T1, T2 and T3) was significantly lower than that in control group except group T1 ( P<0.05) . Com-pared with the control group, the serum alkaline phosphatase ( AKP) activity in probiotics supplemental groups was significantly decreased ( P<0.05) . The serum acid phosphatase ( ACP) activity in groups T2 and T3 was significantly higher than that in control group ( P<0.05) , and group T6 had no significant difference with con-trol group ( P>0.05) , while that in other groups was significantly lower than that in control group ( P<0.05) . These results indicate that supplementation of B. subtilis and L. acidophilus as separate or mixed (1:1, mass ra-tio) in diets can promote the growth, and increase the activities of immune enzymes and digestive enzymes of juvenile cobia. Continuous feeding is better than non-continuous feeding and the mixed probiotics has the best effect.关键词
军曹鱼/益生菌/生长性能/免疫酶/消化酶Key words
cobia ( Rachycentron canadum)/probiotic/growth performance/immune enzyme/digestive en-zyme分类
水产学引用本文复制引用
何伟聪,董晓慧,谭北平,杨奇慧,迟淑艳,刘泓宇,章双..益生菌对军曹鱼幼鱼生长性能、消化酶和免疫酶活性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(12):3821-3830,10.基金项目
广东省科技攻关项目(2012B020307005) （2012B020307005）
广东省教育厅科技攻关项目(2013KJCX0096) （2013KJCX0096）
广东省基金项目(S2013010014729) （S2013010014729）
