生物灾害科学Issue(4)：277-283,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.20953704.2015.04.001
油菜秸秆栽培食用菌研究综述
Studies on Edible Fungi Cultivation Based on Oilseed Rape Straw
摘要
Abstract
Edible fungi cultivation is a sufficient way to reuse the massive oilseed rape straw without any environment pollution. In this paper, the literatures reported on edible fungi cultivation using the substrate of oilseed rape straw in China were briefly reviewed mainly on the aspects of medium formulations and fungal species. According to our statistic, the literatures that reported on edible fungi cultivation using oilseed rape straw reported in China were manly focused on the cultivation of Pleurotus spp. and Flammulina velutipes, while only a few literatures reported on the cultivation of Hypsizygus marmoreus, Volvariella volvacea and Lentinus edodes. Most reports just briefly reported the medium formulations for edible fungi cultivation, without other details such as pretreatment of raw materials, records of hyphae growth, temperature, humidity, light, the concentration of CO2, etc. In this paper, the medium formulations using oilseed rape straw reported by literatures were all listed in 3 tables, they included 29 formulations for the cultivation of Pleurotus spp., 13 formulations for the cultivation of Flammulina velutipes and 6 formulations for the cultivation of other edible fungi. The biological transformation efficiency of each formulation using oilseed rape straw was discussed. The biological transformation efficiency of most formulations mainly composed by oilseed rape straw was commonly lower than the biological transformation efficiency of traditional formulations, however, most of the former formulations presented higher economic inputoutput ratio than the latter, as oilseed rape straw was normally cheaper than the traditional substrates such as cotton seed hulls, sawdust etc. Furthermore, mushroom hyphae normally grew faster on oilseed rape straw substrates than traditional substrates, which could significantly shorten the cultivation period of edible fungi and subsequently reduce the cost of the cultivation of edible fungi. Therefore, oilseed rape straw is a potential valuable substrate for the cultivation of edible fungi. According to the literatures reported on the cultivation of edible fungi using oilseed rape straw, in the future, the researches on the cultivation of edible fungi using oilseed rape straw should mainly focused on the following fields: 1) Selecting suitable edible fungi species for the cultivation experiments using oilseed rape straw substrate. Many wood rot edible fungi and grass rot edible fungi, such as Auricularia auricular, Pholiota nameko, Agrocybe chaxingu, Coprinus comatus, Agaricus bisporus, etc, should be tried to cultivated on oilseed rape straw; 2) Using modern breeding techniques, such as artificial breeding, hybridization, mutation, gene engineering, cytoplasmic fusion, etc, to obtain strains for oilseed rape straw substrate, 3) Developing new medium formulations by using oilseed rape straw for cultivating edible fungi and more efficient pattern for the cultivation of edible fungi with oilseed rape straw media.关键词
食用菌栽培/农作物秸秆/秸秆利用/平菇栽培/金针菇栽培Key words
Edible fungi cultivation/crop straw/straw utilization/Pleurotus spp. Cultivation/Flammulina velutipes cultivation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
宋海燕,胡殿明..油菜秸秆栽培食用菌研究综述[J].生物灾害科学,2015,(4):277-283,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31460009、31500021) （31460009、31500021）
