农业工程学报Issue(4)：113-118,6.DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.04.016
适用于梯级泵站压力管道的传感器优化布置方法
Sensor placement optimization method for pressure pipeline suitable for grading pumping station
摘要
Abstract
As the basic carrier of long-distance inter-basin water conveyance project of cascade, cascade pumping station is an important part of agricultural engineering and water conservancy projects, which plays an important role on solving the uneven space-time distribution of water resources. Safety monitoring research of cascade pumping station pressure pipe structure is a focus of current structural health monitoring and dynamic recognition research. But in practical engineering, safety monitoring of pressure pipeline structure is mostly based on experience of the sensor measurement points for decorate, which has a great deal of subjectivity and blindness. In order to solve the problem of pressure pipeline sensor optimization of cascade pumping station, an improved effective independence sensor placement optimization method based on total displacement is proposed. Effective independence method is about to obtain the best point to estimate the modal space independence by calculating the covariance matrix between the measuring points. Two candidate sensor location independence of measuring points may have the large contribution of modal vectors, but not have necessarily larger measuring point distribution in energy, which may lead to the lost of important structure information. What is more, the displacement and corresponding strain energy of structure damage are commonly large in practical engineering. Effective independence-total displacement method adds the total displacement of measuring points in the form of weighting sensor in the process of sensor placement optimization. The effective independence-total displacement method can retain the advantages of effective independence method, which overcomes the shortcomings of getting the points with less energy. The measuring points got by the effective independence-total displacement method can get good independence and satisfy the requirement of energy. Taking 3# pumping station 2# pipeline of second phase of Jingtai cascade pumping station as the research object, the effective independence method and effective independence-total displacement method were applied to achieve sensor placement optimization. Finally the optimal placement with different methods was gotten when the sensor number was 14. Comparing the effect of improved method with traditional effective independence, regarding modal confidence criterion, maximum singular value ratio, fisher information matrix and total displacement as evaluation index, total displacement criterion was proposed to ensure the final evaluation index of strain energy of the measured points in this paper. Study showed that effective independence-total displacement method could improve the strain energy and observability of the remaining measuring points, which could also retain the independence of each other. In addition, through the comparison of the measured data before and after optimization showed that the selected number and location of measuring points are reasonable. This improved method has good applicability to the practical structure monitoring, which shows that it is an effective and practical method for optimal sensor placement. The effective independence-total displacement method has achieved good results in solving the problem of sensor placement optimization of the cascade pumping station pressure pipeline, which can effectively avoid the problem of large strain energy measuring point information lost and ensure the independence between the measuring points. It is a kind of reliable sensor optimization method.关键词
传感器/优化/压力/梯级泵站/压力管道/结构健康监测/传感器优化布置/有效独立-总位移法Key words
sensors/optimization/pressure/cascade pumping station/pressure pipeline/structural health monitoring/sensor placement optimization/effective independence-total displacement method分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
张建伟,暴振磊,刘晓亮,王涛,江琦,刘轩然..适用于梯级泵站压力管道的传感器优化布置方法[J].农业工程学报,2016,(4):113-118,6.基金项目
国家自然科学基金（51009066）；河南省科技攻关（142102310122）；河南省高等学校青年骨干教师计划（2012GGJS-101）；华北水利水电大学研究生教育创新计划基金（YK2015-02）。 （）
