气象Issue(2)：144-155,12.DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2016.02.002
珠江三角洲地区重大短时强降水的基本流型与环境参量特征
Characteristics of Short-Time Severe Rainfall Events Based on Weather Flow and Key Environmental Parameters in Pearl River Delta
摘要
Abstract
In order to understand the environmental characteristics of short-time severe rainfall event (hourly rainfall amount ≥ 50 mm)in Pearl River Delta,we researched the weather flow,T-lnp chart patterns and key physical parameters of 68 short-time intense rain event for nearly 7 years (2007 -2013) by using automatic weather station data,sounding data,satellite data in the Pearl River Delta region.The results showed that such severe rainfalls in Pearl River Delta are characterized by,first,the weather flow patterns,which include typhoon type,southwest monsoon type,Beibu Gulf low pressure type,cold shear line type and tropical cloud type.Different types have different frequencies in different seasons.Secondly, temperature profiles and wet adiabat are very close in T-lnp in most of the short-time severe rain events, and the water vapor content are rich in the whole layer.Thirdly,the features of the key parameters of the severe rainfalls are that mainly the value of T850-T500 is small,usually 21-23℃ with a weak unstable stratification,higher ground dew point and PW.CAPE values are more moderate,mostly less than 1500 J ·kg-1 .CIN and vertical wind shear of 0-6 km are relatively weak,and low-level jets appear in most ca-ses.The key conditions for most of the short-time severe rainfall process are not the high-altitude cold air intrusion,but the warm air transport from low level.Although small CAPE value limits updraft,the cloud base of specific humidity is high.If combining the configuration method of flow pattern (type),the key environmental parameters,the range of parameters to set appropriate threshold according to the box whisker plots,we can provide valuable reference to rebuild the forecast method of short-time severe rain-fall in the Pearl River Delta region.关键词
重大短时强降水事件/天气流型配置/T-lnp 图形态/关键环境参数/珠江三角洲Key words
short-time severe rainfalls/weather flow/T-lnp diagram/key environmental parameters/Pearl River Delta分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
陈元昭,俞小鼎,陈训来..珠江三角洲地区重大短时强降水的基本流型与环境参量特征[J].气象,2016,(2):144-155,12.基金项目
公益性行业（气象）科研专项（GYHY201506006）、华南区域气象中心气象科技攻关项目（GRMC2014M08）、广东省科技计划项目（20140218）和中国气象局强对流创新专家团队项目共同资助 （）
