中国全科医学2016，Vol.19Issue(9)：1091-1094,4.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2016.09.022
儿童麻疹临床特征及治疗的回顾性分析
Clinical Features and Treatment of Childhood Measles：A Retrospective Analysis
摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate the epidemiological trend, clinical features and treatment of childhood measles.Methods Enrolled 110 measles children who were admitted by the Department of Infectious Disease of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM and Zhoukou Central Hospital of Henan Province from January 2010 to December 2013.A retrospective analysis was made on age distribution, regional distribution, vaccination, the history of contact with measles patients, clinical manifestation, complications, treatment and relapse.The clinical characters and diagnosis of childhood measles were analyzed.Results In all 110 cases, 40 children ( 36.4%) had not been vaccinated definitely, there were 68 (61.8%) children had vaccination once, 2 (1.8%) children had vaccination twice.28 children were younger than 8 months among which 22 children′s mother had got vaccinated and never been infected.Main clinical manifestations were still fever, rash, photophobia, tears, rough oral mucosa and Koplik′s spots, and pertussis -like symptom occurred in 25 ( 22.7%) patients.Complications were mostly bronchopneumonia (45.5%, 50/110), cardiac damage (40.9%, 45/110) and bronchitis (30.0%, 33/110), and obliterative bronchiolitis occurred in 4 (3.6%) patients.There were 72 (65.5%) patients who had used antibiotics, and the three mostly used antibiotics were cefuroxime sodium for injection, ceftriaxone sodium for injection and cefoperazone and sulbactam sodium for injection; 34 ( 30.9%) patients had used ribavirin; 29 ( 26.4%) had used gamma globulin injection; 103 patients (93.6%) had used patent herbal medicine injection, and the three mostly used were Reduning injection, Andrographolide injection and Tanreqing injection.There were 85 (77.3%) patients who were cured and discharged from hospital, 23 (20.9%) patients who had improvement and discharged from hospital and 2 (1.8%) patients who died.The causes of death were measles complicated with severe pneumonia, respiratory failure and cardiac failure.Conclusion Infants younger than 8 months and children who get a single vaccination are newly found group that had high-risk for measles, and clinical manifestations are still mainly typical symptoms, while it should be noted that pertussis-like symptoms should be paid more attention.Antibiotic therapy has extensive application in the treatment of measles combined with pulmonary infection, and the most applied Chinese patent medicine is heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs.关键词
麻疹/儿童/流行病学/体征和症状/治疗/回顾性研究Key words
Measles/Child/Epidemiology/Signs and symptoms/Therapy/Retrospective studies分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
宋桂华,张岩,李芹,于素平,管志伟,吕伟刚,白雪松,马超..儿童麻疹临床特征及治疗的回顾性分析[J].中国全科医学,2016,19(9):1091-1094,4.基金项目
国家科技重大专项资助项目 （）
