动物营养学报2016，Vol.28Issue(3)：766-779,14.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.03.017
饲料中铬源及铬添加水平对凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长性能、血清生化指标及非特异性免疫酶活性的影响
Effects of Dietary Chromium Source and Supplemental Level on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices and Non-Specific Immune Enzyme Activities of Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei
摘要
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary chromium source and supplemental level on growth performance, serum biochemical indices and non-specific immune enzyme activities of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei, and to find the optimal supplemental levels of three chromium in the diets.Sixteen iso-nitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by using two-factor experimental design with three chromi-um sources [ chromium trichloride ( CrCl3 ) , chromium picolinate ( Cr-Pic ) and chromium methionine (Cr-Met), respectively] and six chromium supplemental levels (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2 and 2.0 mg/kg, re-spectively).A total of 1 920 juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei with an initial body weight of (0.897±0.001) g were randomly distributed into 16 groups with 3 replicates per group and 40 shrimps per replicate.The experi-ment lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed that final body weight ( FBW) , weight gain rate ( WGR) , feed conversion rate ( FCR) and protein efficiency ratio ( PER) of shrimps were significantly affected by chromium source, supplemental level and the interaction of chromium source and supplemental level, respectively ( P<0.05).The FBW and WGR in groups supplemented with 0.3 to 2.0 mg/kg chromium were significantly higher than those in the group without chromium ( P<0.05) , and the Cr-Met group supplemented with 0.9 mg/kg chromium had the highest FBW and WGR.The groups of CrCl3 and Cr-Pic supplemented with 0.9 mg/kg chromium had the lowest FCR, but showed no significant differences compared with 1.2 mg/kg group ( P>0.05) .The highest PER of three chromium sources were founded in the groups supplemented with 0.9 mg/kg chromium, but showed no significant differences compared with the groups supplemented with 1.2 mg/kg chromium ( P>0.05) .Chromium source, supplemental level and the interaction of chromium source and sup-plemental level had significant effects on the crude lipid and crude ash contents in whole body ( P<0.05) , but had no significant effects on the moisture and crude protein contents in whole body ( P>0.05) .Serum total pro-tein ( TP) , glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride contents were significantly affected by chromium source, sup-plemental level and the interaction of chromium source and supplemental level, respectively ( P<0.05) .The highest TP content and lowest glucose content in serum were found in the Cr-Met group supplemented with 0.9 mg/kg chromium.The activities of phenoloxidase ( PO) , alkaline phosphatase ( AKP) , acid phosphatase ( ACP) and the total superoxide dismutase ( T-SOD) in serum were significantly affected by chromium source, supplemental level and the interaction of chromium source and supplemental level, respectively ( P<0.05) .The highest serum PO and T-SOD activities were found in the Cr-Met group supplemented with 0.9 mg/kg chromi-um.With the WGR as an evaluation index and the CrCl3 , Cr-Pic and Cr-Met as chromium sources, broken-line model shows that the optimal supplemental levels of chromium in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei diets are 1.33, 1.27 and 1.04 mg/kg, respectively.By comparing, the Cr-Met has the highest relative bioavailability, followed by Cr-Pic, and the lowest is CrCl3 .关键词
凡纳滨对虾/铬/生长性能/血清生化指标/非特异性免疫酶活性Key words
Litopenaeus vannamei/chromium/growth performance/serum biochemical indices/non-specific immune enzyme activities分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
蔡海瑞,谭北平,杨奇慧,董晓慧,迟淑艳,刘泓宇,章双..饲料中铬源及铬添加水平对凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长性能、血清生化指标及非特异性免疫酶活性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(3):766-779,14.基金项目
公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201003020）；广东省自然科学基金（2015A030313621）；广东省产业技术与开发专项资金项目 （）
