农业环境科学学报2016，Vol.35Issue(3)：573-583,11.DOI:10.11654/jaes.2016.03.022
鸡粪菌渣好氧堆肥过程中氨氧化古菌及氨氧化细菌群落的动态变化
Dynamics of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria during composting of chicken manure and mushroom cultural waste
摘要
Abstract
The transformation and loss of nitrogen in composting materials were affected profoundly by ammonia oxidizers during the com-posting process. The abundance and composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)and ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)during com-posting of chicken manure and mushroom cultural waste were examined employing Real-Time PCR and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)techniques with the monooxygenase gene(amoA)as biomarker of ammonia oxidizers. Samples were collected at three representative stages, including mesophilic, thermophilic, and maturing stages. Results showed that the amoA gene abundance of AOB dom-inated and the gene copy numbers were about 38 to 992 times those of AOA at all three stages of composting. At the thermophilic stage, the amoA abundance of both AOA and AOB dropped to 0.9%and 17.6%of that at the mesophilic stage, respectively. The numbers of AOA and AOB at the maturing stage were similar to those at the thermophilic stage. Cluster 3 was the most dominant group of AOA at the three stages, and its amount of clones accounted for 70.73%of the clone library at the mesophilic stage of composting, 54.28%at the thermophilic stage, and 72.45% at the maturing stage. Nitrosomonas europaea was the most dominant species of AOB at the three stages, with clone amount representing 78.44%, 93.20%and 94.27%of all clones at mesophilic, thermophilic, and maturing stage, respectively. For AOA, the Shan-non-Wiener index ranged from 1.53 to 1.60 at these three stages, showing no obvious changes, but the community composition revealed ob-vious succession. With increase in compost temperature, Cluster 4, Cluster 5 and Cluster 6 of AOA disappeared, but a novel member(Clus-ter 1)appeared and became the second dominant group. For AOB, both diversity and community structure showed dramatic changes. At the mesophilic stage, AOB gave the highest Shannon-Wiener index(1.47)and the richest number of species, with 6 clusters including Nitrosomonas europaea,Nitrosomonas halophila,Nitrosomonas communis,Nitrosomonas nitrosa,Nitrosospira briensis,and Nitrosospira mul-tiformis clusters. However, with arrival of thermophilic stage, the Shannon-Wiener index of AOB sharply reduced to 0.45, and the communi-ty structure became simple, including Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrosomonas halophila clusters. At the maturing stage, the diversity and species number of AOB recovered to some extent.关键词
堆肥/RFLP/氨氧化古菌/氨氧化细菌/丰度/群落结构Key words
compost/RFLP/ammonia-oxidizing archaea/ammonia-oxidizing bacteria/abundance/community structure分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
邱珊莲,张少平,翁伯琦,罗涛,林霜霜,何炎森..鸡粪菌渣好氧堆肥过程中氨氧化古菌及氨氧化细菌群落的动态变化[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(3):573-583,11.基金项目
国家“十二五”科技支撑计划（2012BAD14B15）；福建省农业科学院青年英才计划项目 （）
