植物营养与肥料学报2016，Vol.22Issue(1)：67-75,9.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.14575
玉米秸秆炭还田对黑土土壤肥力特性和氮素农学效应的影响
Effects of maize straw derived biochar on the soil fertility and nitrogen agronomic responses in black soil
摘要
Abstract
[ Objectives] To explore the effect of biochar made of maize straw on the soil fertility and nitrogen agronomic responses will provide theoretical and practical support for the straw resources utilization and soil fertility improvement in the maize belt in the Northeast China. [Methods] Field experiment was conducted with maize straw and maize straw derived biochar (fast pyrolysis at 500℃ under low oxygen) in the black soil region in Northeast China. Three treatments were designed: 1) PK + maize straw; 2) NPK + 4 t/ hm2 maize straw; 3) NPK + 2 t/ hm2 maize straw + biochar from 2 t/ hm2 maize straw. The plant and soil samples (0 -20 cm) were collected at harvest, the relative items were analyzed with regular methods. [Results] 1) Compared with treatment 2 in 2013 and 2014, the soil available N in treatment 3 was significantly increased by 10. 1% and 9. 7% (P < 0. 05), the soil available P by 13. 7% and 27. 3% with a significant improvement at 2014 (P < 0. 05), the soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) by 13. 5% and 26. 9% , the soil urease activity by 22. 3% and 31. 8% respectively. The SMBC and the soil urease activity significantly improved in 2014 (P < 0. 05). The soil organic matter, soil total N, available K, SMBN and soil sucrase activity were not improved significantly. 2 ) Analysis of nitrogen agronomic responses showed that the N partial factor productivity in treatment 3 was enhanced by 3. 3% in 2013 and significantly by 9. 6% in 2014 (P < 0. 05); the benefit of economy of applied N (EBN) was increased by 12. 9% in 2013 and significantly by 27. 5% in 2014 ( P < 0. 05); while the yield, the N fertilizer use efficiency ( UEN) and the agronomic efficiency didn’t show significant increase. [ Conclusions] Biochar are more effective to improve the activities of soil microbe and the soil enzymes, and so to enhance the soil nutrient supply for maize. The nitrogen agronomy effect will be improved as a result. The application of maize straw as biochar is an effective way for straw efficient utilization in Northeast China.关键词
玉米秸秆炭/土壤肥力/微生物量碳/氮/土壤酶活性/氮素农学效应Key words
maize straw-derived biochar/soil fertility/soil microbial biomass C and N/soil enzyme activities/nitrogen agronomy effect分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郭俊娒,杨俊诚,姜慧敏,张建峰,李玲玲,张水勤,谢义琴,李先,刘晓,周贵宇..玉米秸秆炭还田对黑土土壤肥力特性和氮素农学效应的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(1):67-75,9.基金项目
国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”课题(2013CB127406) （2013CB127406）
中央级公益性科研院所专项资金资助项目(IARRP -2015-21) （IARRP -2015-21）
国家国际科技合作专项(2015DFA20790) （2015DFA20790）
农业部行业专项(201103007) （201103007）
科技部科研院所技术开发研究专项资金(2012EG134235)。 （2012EG134235）
