植物营养与肥料学报2016，Vol.22Issue(1)：254-262,9.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.14154
秸秆还田下氮肥运筹对白土田水稻产量和氮吸收利用的影响
Effect of different nitrogen application on rice yield and N uptake of white soil under wheat straw turnover
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives] Effects of different nitrogen (N) ratios of basal and topdressing application on rice growth and N uptake in the condition of wheat straw direct turnover were studied to provide a scientific base for rice applying N rationally in low-yield white paddy soil of middle region of China. [Methods]Two levels of wheat straw turnover (0 and 3000 kg / hm2 ) and three N application ratios of basal and topdressing (80 -0 -20, 60 -20 -20, and 40 -30 -30), and N omitted treatment were designed, which were reordered as N80-0-20 , N60-20-20 , N40-30-30 , N80-0-20 + S, N60-20-20 + S, N40-30-30 + S and CK, respectively. The representative samples were collected to investigate rice yield components at the harvest period, and the yields and N concentrations in grain and straw were also measured to determine N uptake and nitrogen use efficiency. [Results] The treatment of N60-20-20 obtains the highest rice grain yields which are increased by 9. 4%-12. 9% in 2011 and 7. 4%-8. 9% in 2012, respectively, compared with the control N80-0-20 . In the condition of wheat straw direct turnover, rice grain yields are increased by 10. 2% - 23. 4% and 0. 8% - 5. 5% , respectively, compared with the no straw turnover treatments. The N content in rice grains of the N60-20-20 treatment reaches the highest, which is 11. 3% higher than that in the CK treatment, while the N contents in straw are increased with the increase of N topdressing application ratio at the mid-late period. Increasing N application rate of topdressing can promote the N contents in grains and straw in the condition of wheat straw turnover. The total N uptakes in rice grains reach the highest for the N60-20-20 treatment, and are significantly increased by 13. 7% and 24. 8% in 2011 and 14. 5% and 9. 2% in 2012, respectively, compared with the N80-0-20 treatment. The N uptakes in rice straw are increased with the increase of N topdressing application in mid-late period, and the uptake of the treatment N40-30-30 reaches the highest. The dry matter production efficiency, grain production efficiency and harvest index of nitrogen reach their peaks in the N60-20-20 treatment with no wheat straw turnover, in which the amount of N absorption per 100 kg grains drops to the lowest, while a contrary result shows when wheat straw turnover. The agronomy efficiency, apparent recovery efficiency and partial productivity of nitrogen are also significantly promoted in the N60-20-20 treatment by 4. 90 and 2. 44 kg grain per kg N, and 7. 82 and 21. 29, and 4. 90 and 2. 44 percentage points, respectively, compared with the N80-0-20 treatment. [Conclusions] Considering rice grain yield, N uptake and nitrogen use efficiency, the 60 -20 -20 N application ratio of base-jointing-panicle development stages is suitable for single-reason rice in Jianghuai hilly land region with low-yield white soils, Anhui province under the condition of wheat straw direct turnover.关键词
氮肥运筹/水稻产量/氮素吸收利用效率/秸秆还田/白土Key words
nitrogen application/rice yield/N uptake and use efficiency/wheat straw direct turnover/white paddy soil分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李录久,王家嘉,吴萍萍,黄厚宽,蒋荫锡..秸秆还田下氮肥运筹对白土田水稻产量和氮吸收利用的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(1):254-262,9.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD05B02) （2012BAD05B02）
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003016) （农业）
国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项目资助。 （IPNI）
