中国水产科学2016，Vol.23Issue(2)：447-457,11.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1118.2016.15183
珠江流域3个野生大眼鳜群体的形态差异
Morphological differentiation among three wild populations of Siniperca kneriin Pearl River
摘要
Abstract
The Pearl River Basin, as the largest river of southern China, comprises the Xijiang River, North River, East River and Pearl River Delta. With abundant water and fish resources, Xijiang River, which comprises the Nanpan River, Hongshui River, Qianjiang River, Youjiang River and Zuojiang River, has a wide basin that represents 77.8% of the Pearl River Basin. The big-eye mandarin fish (Siniperca knerii Garman, 1912), belonging to the Perciformes, Serrani-dae,Siniperca, is a special and precious freshwater fish distributed only in China, especially in the Pearl River.S. kneri, which is a carnivorous freshwater fish with a favorable taste and abundant nutrients, has become one of the most im-portant commercial freshwater fish in China, and has the potential to be a candidate aquaculture species because of its significant economic and ecological value. However, some negative factors, such as the constant severe water pollution, the building of water conservation engineering works, overfishing, and electrifying and bombing of fishes, have led to its miniaturization, low annualized phenomenon and rapid reduction of its wild population. Morphological differentia-tion among three wild populations (YJ: Youjiang River, ZJ: Zuojiang, HSH: Hong Shui He River) ofS. kneri in the Pearl River was studied based on traditional morphology and a truss network of distance measurements. We aimed to learn more about the germplasm resource ofS. kneriby determining the differences among the three populations and to provide reliable scientific evidence to underpin the protection and use of germplasm resources ofS. kneri. Three multi-variate analysis methods were used (One-Way ANOVA, principal component analysis and cluster analysis) for 33 morphometric proportional parameters, using SPSS17.0 software. Based on the LSD results of one-way ANOVA for the measurable characters, there were significant differences between threeS. kneri populations, mainly in the head and tail traits. Specifically, there was a significant difference in the head traits [HW/BL, ED/BL, U (10–11)] and tail traits [CPL/BL, N (5–6)] between the HSH population and ZJ population, and between the HSH population and YJ popula-tion, respectively; however, there was no significant difference between the ZJ population and YJ population. For the morphological differences among populations, the contribution of the truss network of distance measurements C(1–11), E(2–11), F(2–10), G(3–4), I(3–9), M(4–10), K(4–9), J(4–5), T(9–10), O(5–8), N(5–6), P(5–7), R(7–8) and S(8–9) indi-cated that the truss network of the head and trunk ofS. kneri was the principal component, and the contribution of tradi-tional characters was the second. Cluster analyses suggested consistently that the ZJ and YJ populations clustered first and then clustered with the HSH population, whether based on the traditional morphology or the truss network. All of the above indicated that morphological differentiation nexisted among the three populations and was closely associated their geographical distribution. The results, representing basic knowledge ofSiniperca kneriin Pearl River, provide reliable sci-entific evidence for the protection and use of germplasm resources and for artificial selection breeding ofS. kneri.关键词
大眼鳜/野生群体/形态差异/珠江Key words
Siniperca kneri/wild population/morphological differentiation/Pearl River分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
杨慧荣,欧阳徘徊,李桂峰,孙际佳,夏雨,王紫钰,刘丽..珠江流域3个野生大眼鳜群体的形态差异[J].中国水产科学,2016,23(2):447-457,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年基金(31502144) （31502144）
公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(201303048) （农业）
广东省科技计划项目(2013B020308001) （2013B020308001）
广东省海洋渔业科技攻关与研发项目(A201501A09) （A201501A09）
广东省自然科学基金(2015A030313409) （2015A030313409）
国家科技基础条件平台建设项目(2008DKA30470-010) （2008DKA30470-010）
