中国水产科学2016，Vol.23Issue(2)：478-488,11.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1118.2016.15285
秦山核电温排水对鱼类分布的影响
Effects of the thermal discharge from Qinshan Nuclear Plant on the distribution pattern of fish
摘要
Abstract
Based on the data taken from fishery resource surveying of the sea areas around Qinshan Nuclear Plant dur-ing spring (2010-05), summer (2010-09) and winter (2009-12) and the mathematical simulation results of thermal dis-charge diffusion in Qinshan Nuclear Plant, we studied the temporal and spatial distribution pattern of fish assemblies, the dominant species, and the contributions of dominant species to fish quantities in the water of Qinshan Nuclear Plant. The results showed that the density of fish in terms of individuals was highest in summer (22.10×103ind/km2), interme-diate in winter (10.52×103ind/km2) and lowest in spring (5.55×103ind/km2). However, the seasonal variation in fish quantities in terms of weight was different from other waters. The fish density in terms of weight was highest in winter (66.46 kg/km2), intermediate in summer (59.06 kg/km2), and lowest in spring (33.80 kg/km2).The seasonal variation in fish resource quantities was different to other seas; the densities in terms of weight were higher in winter than those in spring and summer. This was probably related to thermal discharge from the plant making the proximal sea regions warmer than the surrounding sea waters, which could benefit the fish assemblies in winter because of a warm pool ef-fect. Thus, fish assemblies aggregated in the thermal plume of the plant to overwinter. Horizontal distribution of ther-mal discharge has an important effect on fish distribution patterns. The fish density in the thermal discharge seas in summer was generally lower than other seas and was the opposite in winter: fish may have been stranded in the hot thermal discharge plume areas, thus showing a higher fish density. Thermal discharge has different effects on fishes with different adaptabilities to temperature; the warm temperature species that are adapted to relatively low temperature, such asCoilia ectenes, can overwinter in the thermal discharge seas, whileCollichthys lucidus, which has high thermal tolerance, became the dominant species in the thermal discharge-impacted seas in summer. The adaptability to tem-perature of the dominant species of fish determines the distribution characteristics of fishes; the most important domi-nant species in winter wasCoilia ectenes, whose contribution rate on the mantissa was up to 45.02. They aggregated densely in the hot thermal discharge plume area, which caused the fish density in the thermal discharge seas to be greater than the surrounding waters. The thermal discharge-inducedchange in the fishes’ environment led to the forma-tion of new wintering grounds, which would be likely to form a new fishing season, leading to changes in local fishery attributes.关键词
秦山核电/温排水/鱼类/优势种Key words
Qinshan Nuclear Plant/thermal discharge/fish/dominant species分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
蒋朝鹏,徐兆礼,陈佳杰,孙鲁峰,阙江龙..秦山核电温排水对鱼类分布的影响[J].中国水产科学,2016,23(2):478-488,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(41176131) （41176131）
海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201305027-8) （201305027-8）
