草业学报2016，Vol.25Issue(4)：1-15,15.DOI:10.11686/cyxb2015469
2000－2010年中国退牧还草工程区生态系统宏观结构和质量及其动态变化
Ecosystem dynamics in the ‘Returning Rangeland to Grassland’programs,China
摘要
Abstract
Grassland in arid,semi-arid and alpine areas has experienced severe degradation in recent decades.To enable restoration of grassland vegetation and sustainable development,the Returning Rangeland to Grassland (RRG)program was initiated in 2003.Based on remote sensing images,meteorological data and ground ob-served data,this study utilized data fusion,ecological model simulation and scaling transformation to construct the regional macro ecosystem structure,ecosystem quality and dynamics in regions hosting RRG programs. Fractional vegetation cover (FVC),leaf area index (LAI)and net primary production (NPP)were utilised to indicate ecosystem quality.We examined the spatiotemporal characteristics of ecological structure and ecosys-tem quality in regions where the RRG programs were implemented from 2000 to 2010.Additionally,we ana-lyzed ecosystem evolution characteristics and the driving mechanism of ecosystem change.Grassland ecosystems were dominant in the study area.The ecosystem structure was stable,but grassland experienced local change in farmland,wetland and desert.FVC showed a slight increasing trend for grassland;LAI tended to fluctuate but tended to also increase;NPP increased,ranging from 218.23 g C/(m2 · a)in 2000,to 226.30 g C/(m2 ·a)in 2010,a 3.7% increase.Ecological conditions differed spatially;overall there was improvement but with areas of localized deterioration.The integral level of the sub-region was:the degraded grassland region of eastern Inner Mongolia>the riverhead grassland region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau>the degraded grass-land region of Xinjiang>the desert grassland region of western Inner Mongolia-Gansu-Ningxia.The spatio-temporal variation of ecosystems was mainly affected by ecological restoration projects,climate change and hu-man activities.The RRG programs restored degraded grassland and promoted natural grassland protection. The warming-wetting trend observed over this time promoted the restoration of vegetation.Human activities such as overexploitation resulted in conversion of grassland into farmland in some areas.关键词
退牧还草工程/宏观结构/生态系统质量/时空分布/动态变化Key words
Returning Rangeland to Grassland programs/ecosystem structure/ecosystem quality/temporal and spatial distribution/dynamic change引用本文复制引用
张海燕,樊江文,邵全琴,张雅娴..2000－2010年中国退牧还草工程区生态系统宏观结构和质量及其动态变化[J].草业学报,2016,25(4):1-15,15.基金项目
国家十二五科技支撑计划项目（2013BAC03B0412）资助。 （）
