中国生态农业学报2016，Vol.24Issue(4)：443-450,8.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.160003
农业景观异质性对生物多样性及其生态系统服务的影响*
Effectsofagriculturallandscapeheterogeneityonbiodiversity andecosystemservices
摘要
Abstract
Itisundoubtedthatbiodiversityandits’ecosystemserviceshavesignificantimportanceforagriculturallandscape.The semi-natural habitats are the indispensable covers in agro-landscape, which maintain higher biodiversity becausetheyproviderefuge,foods,breedingplace.Tomeetthedemandsofagrowinghumanpopulation,agriculturalsystemshavebeenenlargedbyalteringnon-phabitatsareatocroplandandproducedmorecropsperunitarea,thedisturbancetoecosystemintensified inducing decreasing of biodiversity. Keeping high biodiversity in agricultural landscape is significantforsustainabledevelopmentofagriculture.Inthispaper,compositionandcharacteristicsofagriculturallandscapeheterogeneitywere reviewed and its effects on biodiversity and ecological service discussed. Landscape heterogeneity includedcompositional heterogeneity, configurational heterogeneity, as well as temporal heterogeneity and functional heterogeneity.Mostevidencesshowedthathigherheterogeneityofagro-landscapeaffectedpositivelyonbiodiversity.Thetemporaldynamics(historical,short-termandseasonalchangeoflandscape)oflandscapecontextmayhelpimprovingunderstandingabouttheinteraction between landscape structure and biodiversity in agro-landscape. Scale effect of landscape heterogeneity onbiodiversity existed and is a core content of landscape ecology. Multi-scale effects of spatial and temporal landscapeheterogeneityonnon-agriculturalbiodiversityweresignificant.Thebiodiversityofplants,groundarthropod,andsoilfaunawererelatedtolandscapeheterogeneityindifferentradiusbufferarea.Theresponsesofdifferentnon-agriculturalbiologicalgroupsweredifferentbecausethelandscapecontextandbiologicalcharacteristics.Themechanismsoflandscapeheterogeneitymaintainingbiodiversitywasalsosummarized.Thecombinationofplantdispersalmodes(e.g.wind,animals,vegetative)or/animalsmigrationmodes(e.g.crawling,jumping,flying)andlandscapestructure(e.g.connectivityofsemi-naturalhabitat,presenceofdensenon-crophabitats)determinedhowfarplantandanimalspeciescouldmovethroughthelandscapetoreachsuitablepatches.Influencesoflandscapeheterogeneityonbio-control,pollination,andmaterialcyclethatprovidedbynaturalenemy,flowervisitorsandsoilfaunawereoverviewedtoo.Moreandmorestudieshadshownlandscapeheterogeneityandagricultural managements were important driving factors of plant, animal, and microorganisms, and furthermore impactedecosystemservices,suchasnutrientrecycle,wateradjustment,pestbiocontrol,etc.Basedontheresultsofaseriesstudyofeffects of agricultural landscape heterogeneity on non-agricultural biodiversity in the middle and lower area of the YellowRiver, the development and perspective of landscape heterogeneity and biodiversity were summarized.The further studiesshouldfocusonrelationshipsbetweenagro-landscapecontextandbiodiversityanditsmechanismsbasedonspato-temporalheterogeneityoflandscape.关键词
农业景观/景观异质性/生物多样性/生态系统服务/黄河中下游Key words
Agricultural landscape/Landscape heterogeneity/Biodiversity/Ecosystem services/The middle and lowerreachesoftheYellowRiver分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
宋博,丁圣彦,赵爽,李子晗,侯笑云..农业景观异质性对生物多样性及其生态系统服务的影响*[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(4):443-450,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(41371195,41071118)资助@@@@FundedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.41371195,41071118) （41371195,41071118）
