中国生态农业学报2016，Vol.24Issue(4)：524-531,8.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.141068
短花针茅荒漠草原不同载畜率对土壤的影响*
EffectofstockingrateonStipabrevifloradesertsteppesoil
摘要
Abstract
Grasslandgrazingecosystemisoneofthemostefficientconsumptionsystemsoftheterrestrialecosystem.Thereare few repeated studies on long-term effects of stocking rate on stability of grazing ecosystems. With Inner Mongolia WulanchabuStipaBrevifloradesertsteppeasacasestudy,nineyearsstationaryexperimentwasconductedtostudytheeffectof grazingon soilphysicalandchemicalproperties.The studytested the processes and mechanisms of soil degradation atdifferent stocking rates with the aim of beneficial adoption of reasonable grazing management measures and promotingsustainabledevelopmentofgrasslandanimalhusbandry.Arandomizedcompleteblockdesignwassetupwithfourstockingrate treatments and three replicates. The stocking rate treatments included the control [non-grazed enclosure (CK)], lightstockingrate(LG),moderatestockingrate(MG)andheavystockingrate(HG).AdultMongoliasheepwereusedincontinuousgrazing system from June to November of each year in 2004–2012. The stocking rates were 0 sheeps·hm-2 (CK), 0.91sheeps·hm-2(LG),1.82sheeps·hm-2(MG)and2.71sheeps·hm-2(HG).Soilphysicalandchemicalpropertiesweremeasuredin2004–2012.Theresultsshowedthatsoilwatercontentinthetopsoildecreasedsignificantlywithincreasingstockingrateafter9 years of continuous grazing. Soil bulk density decreased by 17.25% with extended grazing time (P < 0.05), but notsignificantlychangedwithstockingrate.Thestockingratehadnosignificantinfluenceonsoilmechanicalcomposition,pH,andcontentsofavailablephosphorusandpotassium.However,soilorganicmattersignificantlydecreased(P<0.05)inthe0-10cmsoildepthunderHGtreatmentcomparedwithothertreatments.Withincreasingstokingrate,thecontentofsandinthesoilincreasedandthatofclaydecreased.AlsoHGtreatmentsignificantlydecreasedsoilrespirationratein2012.Basedonstatisticalresultsofstockingrate,stockingyearandtheirinteractions,soilphysicalandchemicalconditionsofS.brevifloradesertsteppedidnotsignificantlychangeoverthenineyearsofgrazing.However,organicmatterapparentlyshowedacertaindegree of degradation. Because of resilience, hysteresis and complexity of natural soil systems, it was recommended thatstudiesontheeffectsofstockingratesonsoilbulkdensityshouldbedoneforlongertimeperiods.关键词
短花针茅荒漠草原/载畜率/土壤/物理性质/化学性质Key words
Stipabrevifloradesretsteppe/Stockingrate/Soilsystem/Physicalproperty/Chemicalproperty分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
丁海君,韩国栋,王忠武,赵和平,张睿洋,张新杰..短花针茅荒漠草原不同载畜率对土壤的影响*[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(4):524-531,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31260124,31070413,31100330,31260123)、教育部博士点学科专项基金项目(20121515120015)、中农-内农两校合作基金(ZN201111)、科技部“十二五”科技支撑项目(2012BAD13B02)和内蒙古农牧业科学院青年创新基金项目(2011QNJJM13)资助*ThestudywassupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.31260124,31070413,31100330,31260123),theDoctoralFund of Ministry of Education of China(No.20121515120015), China Agricultural University-Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCooperationFund(No.ZN201111),theNationalKeyTechnologyResearchandDevelopmentProgram(No.2012BAD13B02)andtheYouthInnovationFundProjectofInnerMongoliaAcademyofAgricultureandAnimalHusbandryScience(No.2011QNJJM13). （31260124,31070413,31100330,31260123）
