气象2016，Vol.42Issue(4)：481-488,8.DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2016.04.012
2015年海洋和大气环流异常及对中国气候的影响
Anomalies of Oceanic and Atmospheric Circulation in 2015 and Their Impacts on Climate in China
摘要
Abstract
Anomalies of oceanic and atmospheric circulations are analyzed and their impacts on temperature and precipitation anomalies of 2015 in China are investigated in this paper.It is found that the East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM)was weaker than normal during the 2015 winter with an obvious phase transi-tion from the strong to the weak at the end of December 2014.A warmer winter was experienced in most areas of China due to the effect of weaker EAWM.In association with the phase transition of EAWM,a reverse of temperature anomalies over China occurred simultaneously with negative temperature anomalies in December 2014 and positive temperature anomalies in January and February 2015.A super strong El Ni˜no event occurred over the tropical Pacific Ocean,with the accumulative Ni˜no Z index from May to No-vember 2015 reaching to 23.0℃,was the strongest event on record.In addition,the remarkable Indian O-cean basin-wide warming mode and the dipole mode with positive phases persisted since April of 2015.As a response of atmospheric circulation to the anomalous tropical oceanic condition,the western Pacific sub-tropical high intensified and extended further southward and westward,leading to less precipitation over North China and more precipitation over South China during summer.In 2015,onset of South China Sea summer monsoon was near normal and the ending time was 2 pentads later than normal with the intensity being weaker than normal.关键词
海温/大气环流/气候异常/厄尔尼诺Key words
sea surface temperature/general circulation/climatic anomaly/El Ni˜no分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
司东,柳艳菊,邵勰,王艳姣..2015年海洋和大气环流异常及对中国气候的影响[J].气象,2016,42(4):481-488,8.基金项目
国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）（2013CB430202和2012CB955203）、国家自然科学基金项目（41405071和41130960）及公益性行业（气象）科研专项（GYHY201506002和GYHY201406001）共同资助 （）
