水科学进展2016，Vol.27Issue(2)：165-175,11.DOI:10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2016.02.001
黄河下游漫滩洪水冲淤规律
A study of the characteristics of sedimentation in the Lower Yellow River during overbank floods
摘要
Abstract
The stratigraphic structure of floodplains records the character of overbank floods occurred in the past, typ-ically their magnitude, frequency and duration. For estimating and forecasting sediment load carried by overbank floods and for preventing from flood disasters and protecting wetland ecosystems, this study investigates the relationship between sedimentation and overbank floods in the lower Yellow River. Using the data from the Hydrological Yearbook of the Yellow River, our detailed analysis shows that during very large floods the channel of the river flow is erosional while the floodplain appears aggradational when S/Q ( S is the sediment concentration and Q is the flow discharge) is smaller than 0. 03. When S/Q is larger than 0. 03, however, both channel and floodplain accumulate sediment. The a-mount of sedimentation in the floodplain is determined by the ratio of Qmax/Qp( Qmax is the peak flow discharge and Qp is the bankfull flow discharge) , the water volume over the floodplain and S. In contrast, the erosion in the channel is related not only to the water volume and sediment load of the floods but also to the sedimentation in the floodplain. During the normal overbank floods, both channel and floodplain accumulate sediment when S/Q is larger than 0. 023, but when S/Q is smaller than 0. 023, the channel is erosion while the floodplain appears aggradational. The channel e-rosion is related to S/Q and water volume of the floods while the sedimentation in the floodplain is mainly related to sediment concentration. Along the whole length of the lower Yellow River, the erosion in the channel and the sedimen-tation in the floodplain are concentrated mainly in the upstream reach of Sunkou, while the downstream reach of Sunk-ou experiences only slight erosion or minor aggradationt.关键词
漫滩洪水/滩槽冲淤/来沙系数/含沙量/黄河下游Key words
overbank floods/sedimentation/floodplain/river channel/Lower Yellow River分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
张敏,黄河清,张晓华..黄河下游漫滩洪水冲淤规律[J].水科学进展,2016,27(2):165-175,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目（41330751；51509101） The study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （ No．41330751；No．51509101）． （）
