摘要
Abstract
The sixteenth century was a transitional period of social structure when feudalism was declining and capitalism was developing rapidly. The reform of Zhang Juzheng and the European religious reform movement was under the same historical background, and their common purpose was to alleviate the social crises brought about by the decadent feudal autocracy. However, the social background of the West and China and the content of the reform were not the same, which lead to different development paths. The reform of Zhang Juzheng was only to solve the social crises by taking a series of political and economic measures but not to touch the feudal autocratic system, which would inevitably fail. The European religious reform movement was launched under the guise of being against the Roman Catholic Church, and was a bottom-up bourgeois reform movement to overthrow the feudal autocracy. In essence, the reform of Zhang Juzheng was self-salvation of the landlord class to maintain the feudal autocracy, while the religious reform movement conformed to the historical trends of developing capitalism and provided possibility for the establishment of a free, equal and bourgeois democratic state.关键词
十六世纪/张居正改革/宗教改革/封建主义/资产阶级/比较Key words
the sixteenth century/the reform of Zhang Juzheng/the religious reform movement/feudalism/capitalism/comparison分类
社会科学
