中国生态农业学报2016，Vol.24Issue(6)：725-735,11.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.151331
硅磷配施对低磷土壤春玉米干物质积累、分配及产量的影响
Effects of combined application of silicon and phosphorus fertilizers on dry matter accumulation and distribution and grain yield of spring maize in low phosphorus soils
摘要
Abstract
In order to explore the benefits of combined application of silicon and phosphate on maize production, a field plot experiment was conducted from 2014 to 2015. The effects of different rates of phosphate and silicon fertilizers application on leaf area index, net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate at jointing and silking stages, dry matter accumulation in different organs at jointing, silking, grain-filling and maturity stages, and grain yield and yield components of spring maize were investigated using maize varieties 'ZH2' and 'ZH115' in low phosphorus soils. Compared with control plot (P0Si0), net photosynthetic rate and leaf area index at jointing and silking stages increased significantly under application of phosphorus, silicon fertilizers and the combined application of both fertilizers. Also dry matter accumulation at jointing, silking, grain-filling and maturity stages, dry grain weight ratio at grain-filling and maturity stages, and grains per ear, spike length, 1000-kernel weight and gain yield increased under the above three fertilization treatments. However, dry weight ratio of leaf at filling and maturity stage, dry weight ratio of stem and sheath at grain-filling stage and bare top length decreased. Specifically for phosphorus fertilization treatment, the increases or reductions in the above mentioned parameters were more obvious than those for silicon fertilization treatment. The largest changes were found in the combined application of phosphorus and silicon fertilizers. There was a significantly synergic effect on the investigated parameters between phosphorus fertilizer and silicon fertilizer. Furthermore, grain yield of corn was positively related with dry matter accumulation at jointing stage, silking stage, grain-filling stage and maturity stage in 2014–2015. Compared with phosphorus fertilizer treatment, grain yield increased by 1288.57 kg·hm-2 (in 2014) and 1313.61 kg·hm-2 (in 2015) under combined phosphorus and silicon fertilization treatment. This indicated that there was a sustainable increase in yield due to the combined application of phosphorus and silicon fertilizers. In summary, dry matter accumulation and photosynthesis improved during the early growth stage, dry matter distribution rate in each plant part was optimized during the later growth stage, and maize yield eventually increased by the combined application of phosphorus and silicon fertilizers in low available phosphorus soils in the hilly uplands of Sichuan Basin.关键词
低磷土壤/玉米/硅肥/磷肥/光合生产/干物质积累/产量Key words
Low phosphorus soil/Maize/Silicon fertilizer/Phosphorus fertilizer/Photosynthesis/Dry matter accumulation/Yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
朱从桦,张嘉莉,王兴龙,张頔,康云海,孔凡磊,袁继超..硅磷配施对低磷土壤春玉米干物质积累、分配及产量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(6):725-735,11.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD04B13-2)和公益性行业(农业)科研专项(20150312705)资助 Supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2012BAD04B13-2) and the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (20150312705) （2012BAD04B13-2）
