中国生态农业学报2016，Vol.24Issue(6)：744-752,9.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.151041
不同灌水水平下一膜两年覆盖间作农田耗水特征及经济效益研究
Characteristics and economic benefits of water consumption in intercropping fields with one plastic film mulching for 2 years and different irrigation levels
摘要
Abstract
In order to optimize farming practice, plastic film recycling and water use efficiency of intercropping farming systems, a field experiment was conducted on maize-pea intercropping field at Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province. The experiment investigated the effect of three mulching patterns (NT: single plastic mulching for 2 years; CT: no tillage in fall with mulching and tillage in the next spring; CT: traditional mulching and tillage) on crop total water consumption and soil evaporation under high (7200 m3·hm-2), intermediate (6450 m3·hm-2) and low (5700 m3·hm-2) irrigation levels. The results showed that the level of water supply had a significant effect on the soil evaporation. The soil evaporation increased with increasing irrigation level, but there was no significant difference among different mulching patterns under the same irrigation level. There was a significant difference in soil evaporation between maize strip and pea strip during harvest period of pea in all the treatments. Soil evaporation in pea strip was 68.51% and 69.30% higher than in maize strip before and after pea harvest, respectively. In addition, pea strip was an important factor driving water consumption in the intercropping farming system. The maize strip, which occupied some 60% of the farmland, only accounted for 44.47% of soil evaporation. Then the pea strip, which occupied some 40% of the farmland accounted for 55.53% of the total soil evaporation. Moreover, the evaporation in maize-pea intercropping field was mainly occurred after pea harvest, as only 26.98% of the soil evaporation occurred before pea harvest. NT treatment significantly increased the benefits of cubic meter water. The mean of water benefit per cubic meter under different irrigation levels were 7.39% and 31.33% higher for NT than for RT and CT, respectively. In addition, the highest water benefit per cubic meter reached 2.51 Yuan·m-3, which was observed under NT plus medium irrigation. In conclusion, NT reduced soil evaporation and non-productive water loss common under traditional mulching. Soil evaporation and total water consumption were positive correlated with irrigation level, with the highest water benefit per cubic meter under NT at moderate irrigation.关键词
一膜两年覆盖/玉米||豌豆间作/单方水效益/棵间蒸发量/耗水结构Key words
Single plastic mulching in 2 years/Maize-pea intercropping/Per cubic meter water benefit/Soil evaporation/Water consumption pattern分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
赵财,柴强,冯福学,殷文,胡发龙,周文斌..不同灌水水平下一膜两年覆盖间作农田耗水特征及经济效益研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(6):744-752,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31360323)、国家公益性行业项目(201503125)和国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B10)资助 The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31360323), the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (No. 201503125), and the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2012BAD14B10). （31360323）
