农业现代化研究2016，Vol.37Issue(4)：671-679,9.DOI:10.13872/j.1000-0275.2016.0064
中国粮食生产中化肥过量施用评价及影响因素研究
Evaluation of over fertilization in China and its inlfuencing factors
摘要
Abstract
It is normal to increase grain production by applying large quantity of fertilizer in China. Based on provincial level cost-benefit survey data of agricultural products from 2004 to 2013, this paper evaluated the over fertilization phenomena in the production of wheat, rice, and corn in China and also empirically analyzed the inlfuencing factors of over fertilization. Results show that from the economic perspective, the fertilization quantity has passed the economic optimal level for all these three crops in China. Among them, corn producers are overusing fertilizer by up to 50.74%, wheat producers by up to 27.26%, and rice producers by up to 24.67%. Migration of rural labors, disaster area ratio, crop prices of previous year and the current extension service system have signiifcant positive inlfuences on the magnitude of over fertilization;while properly expansion of management scale does help to relieve this phenomenon. To decrease fertilizer application, this paper provides the following suggestions: improving fertilizer application technology, moderately intervening agricultural labor force transfer, reforming the current agricultural extension system, and developing and promoting agricultural insurance to increase farmers’ risk resistance capacity.关键词
化肥/过量施用/利润最大化/影响因素/粮食作物Key words
chemical fertilizer/over fertilization/proift-maximization/inlfuencing factors/grain crops分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
史常亮,郭焱,朱俊峰..中国粮食生产中化肥过量施用评价及影响因素研究[J].农业现代化研究,2016,37(4):671-679,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(71273262)；粮食公益性行业科研专项(201513004-2)。 （71273262）
