水生态学杂志2016，Vol.37Issue(3)：26-33,8.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.2016.03.004
三峡库区肉牛养殖环境承载力研究
Environmental Carrying Capacity of Beef Cattle in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area
摘要
Abstract
The large-scale expansion of concentrated beef cattle feedlots has brought potential environmental risks to rural China and environmental constraints have restricted development of the beef cattle industry.Fengdu County in the Three Gorges Reservoir area was chosen for a case study in which the characteristics of beef cattle feedlot opera-tion and manure treatments were analyzed and the data were collected through survey interviews and provided by the local Animal Husbandry Bureau.Four operational patterns of beef cattle feedlot were set up and the corresponding environmental carrying capacity for each was discussed,based on loading restrictions for livestock manure,nitrogen and phosphorus.We found that phosphorus loading was the most tightly restricted.The environmental carrying ca-pacity of beef cattle would increase with improved manure utilization,as would the beef market capacity.When re-cycling rates of cattle manure were 0%,13%,30% and 50%,the corresponding thresholds for beef cattle popula-tions were 262,301,374 and 524 thousand,respectively,without considering the impacts of chemical fertilizer ap-plication and cropping system.The thresholds decreased to 169,194,241 and 338 thousand,respectively,when the multiple cropping index was 1.61 and the chemical fertilizer application rate was 60%.We suggest that envi-ronmental agencies and the agriculture sector strengthen cooperation to realize the win-win situation of local econom-ic benefit and environmental sustainability,and that the theory of environmental constraint should be added to plan-ning in the livestock industry.In addition,it is important to move the beef cattle breeding pattern from quantity to quality,from high qualified beef species in exchange for normal species.The environmental contract service pattern should be promoted to increase sustainability by strengthening livestock pollution control in sensitive watersheds.关键词
肉牛/环境承载力/耕地负荷/三峡库区Key words
beef cattle/environmental carrying capacity/farmland nutrient load/Three Gorges Reservoir area分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
冯琳,孙平,李丁,邸敬涵,俞丽元,何霁文..三峡库区肉牛养殖环境承载力研究[J].水生态学杂志,2016,37(3):26-33,8.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划课题（2012BAC06B04）；国务院三峡办课题（2013HXKY2-1）。 （）
