土壤学报2016，Vol.53Issue(4)：985-994,10.DOI:10.11766/trxb201512150268
黑土锌有效度的物理化学研究法
Determination of Zn Availability in Black Soil with Physical-chemical Methods
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Zinc(Zn)is an element essential for plants and animals,but becomes a pollutant of heavy metal element when it is too much in the soil. It is,therefore,of great significance for researchers to study forms and availability of Zn in black soil to protection of the agro-eco-environment of the black soil region,a major agricultural producing one of China. [Method]Based on the data of a 13-year field experiment,designed to have 5 treatments,i.e. no fertilizer(CK),chemical fertilizer(NPK)and chemical fertilizer plus different amounts of organic manure(NPK+OM1,NPK+OM2 and NPK+OM3),in the black soil region,transformation and availability of Zn in the soil were analyzed with physical-chemical methods. [Result]Results show that CK was as high as 1.96 mg kg-1 in DTPA-Zn content,Treatment NPK, increased Ex-Zn and AFeo-Zn contents,and decreased Min-Zn content,thus improving the availability of soil Zn up to 3.3 mg kg-1,but did not have much effect on total Zn. Treatments NPK+OM1,NPK+OM2 and NPK+OM3 all significantly increased all forms of Zn in content,except for Min-Zn. About 37.5%~55.5%of the input of Zn with organic manure was stored in the soil as AFeo-Zn,and the content of available Zn in the soil increased with increasing organic manure application rate and peaked up to 14.5 mg kg-1 in the field experiment In terms of Zn2+ adsorption strength and capacity,the 5 treatments displayed an order of NPK+OM2 > CK > NPK+OM3 > NPK > NPK+OM1,with Zn2+ adsorption rate and desorption rate varying in the range of 25.9%~72.1% and 4%~25.3%,respectively. Treatment NPK caused soil acidification,thus reducing the Zn2+ adsorption strength and capacity of the soil and making adsorbed Zn2+ more desorbable, while the addition of organic manure in fertilization,though unable to inhibit soil acidification,did retard the declining trend of the Zn2+ adsorption strength and capacity to some extent,and made absorbed Zn2+ harder to desorb from the soil with increasing organic manure application rate. On the whole,black soil is relatively high in available Zn content,and in Zn2+ adsorption strength and capacity,too. Long-term application of chemical fertilizers acidifies the black soil,thus transforming Min-Zn into Ex-Zn and AFeo-Zn in the soil;Zn in the applied organic manure is stored in the soil as AFeo-Zn.[Conclusion]Long term application of chemical fertilizer decreases Zn2+ adsorption strength and capacity of black soil,while addition of a certain amount of organic manure in fertilization may retard the trend.关键词
黑土/长期施肥/锌形态/锌有效度/物理化学研究法Key words
Black soil/Long-term fertilization/Zn form/Zn availability/Physical-chemical method分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
陆欣春,邹文秀,韩晓增,郝翔翔,江恒..黑土锌有效度的物理化学研究法[J].土壤学报,2016,53(4):985-994,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目（41301312，41371296，41571219）和中国科学院黑土区农业生态重点实验室开放基金项目资助Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（Nos.41301312，41371296，41571219）and the Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology，Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology，Chinese Academy of Sciences （）
