作物学报2016，Vol.42Issue(7)：1016-1025,10.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01016
养分管理对直播稻产量和氮肥利用率的影响
Effects of Nutrient Management on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Direct Seeding Rice
摘要
Abstract
The effects of different nutrient management models on the yield and nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) of direct seed-ing rice were investigated under site-specific farmers cultivate practice situation. We conducted a field experiment at eight farm-ers’ field in basic farmland protection region with a rice–wheat rotation ecosystem in Xinghua County, Maoshan Town, Jiangsu Province, from June 2011 to November 2013. Three different nutrient management models and a control were used in this ex-periment including fertilizer free treatment (CK), farmers’ fertilizer practice (FFP) and optimal fertilizer management 1 and 2 (OPT1 and OPT2). The rice yield and its components, N accumulation and distribution, and NUE were determined. The results showed that the rice grain yield of OPT treatments (226 kg ha–1 N) significantly increased 5.5% due to the increase of grains per panicle, seed setting percentage, and 1000-grain weight while the N fertilizer application reduced 32.1% as compared with FFP treatment (333 kg ha–1 N). The rice grain yield of OPT2 treatment was 3.1% higher than that of OPT1 treatment while resulted from increasing potassium application (18 kg ha–1 K2O) at booting stage. The N concentration of different parts of plant, N re-quirement for 100 kg grain, straw N accumulation and N distribution in vegetative organs of OPT treatment were significantly lower than these of FFP treatment. Compared with FFP treatment, OPT treatment also significantly improved NUE of rice plants, in which partial factor productivity of N (PFPN), agronomic efficiency of N (AEN), the recovery efficiency of N (REN) and physiological efficiency of N (PEN) increased by 55.5%, 79.1%, 18.8%, and 48.7%, respectively. There was a significantly posi-tive correlation between plant N accumulation and grain yield in rice, and the effect of yield increase per unit N accumulation in OPT treatment was higher than that in FFP treatment. Therefore, the optimal nutrition management model, including controlling total N rate, regulating application stage of N fertilizer and increasing potassium application, can be need to obtain a comprehen-sive effect for high grain yield and high N fertilizer use efficiency in direct seeding rice planted by farmers.关键词
水稻/产量/养分管理/氮肥利用率/实地农户种植Key words
Rice/Yield/Nutrient management/Nitrogen use efficiency/Site-specific farmer cultivate引用本文复制引用
郭九信,孔亚丽,谢凯柳,李东海,冯绪猛,凌宁,王敏,郭世伟..养分管理对直播稻产量和氮肥利用率的影响[J].作物学报,2016,42(7):1016-1025,10.基金项目
本研究由国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2013CB127403)和国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103003和201203013)资助。 This study was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program,2013CB127403) and the China Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201103003 and 201203013) （973计划）
