水生态学杂志2016，Vol.37Issue(4)：30-35,6.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.2016.04.005
三峡库区龙滩河水域牧场浮游植物群落结构及水质评价
Phytoplankton Community Structure and Water Quality Assessment in Longtan River of Three-Gorges Reservoir
摘要
Abstract
Longtan River is a tributary of the Yangtze River and Three Gorges Ecological Fishery Co.,Ltd.began operating an ecological aquaculture project in the lower reach of the river in October,201 0.The aqua farm,with a water area of 1 000 hm2 ,was constructed by installing a haul net.Silver carp and bighead carp,both filter feed-ers,were released and foraged naturally instead of being fed artificially or using fertilization.Since that time,the effect of the aquaculture operation on water quality has not been known.To assess the influence of the ecological fishery on the water environment,we made a seasonal investigation of the phytoplankton community structure and water physicochemical parameters at four sampling sites in Longtan River.Sites 1 and 2 were on the upper Longtan River,site 3 in the lower river,within the net,and Site 4 was on the lower Longtan River,outside the net.Water quality was evaluated according to phytoplankton diversity indices and the comprehensive trophic level index.The study provides basic data for water quality protection and formulation of scientific aquaculture strategies.In March, June,September and December of 201 3,qualitative phytoplankton samples and 1 000 mL mixed water samples for quantitative analysis were collected at the four sampling sites and physicochemical parameters of the water body were determined,including water temperature,pH,dissolved oxygen,transparency (SD),chlorophyll a (Chl-a), total phosphorus (TP)and total nitrogen (TN).Results show that 99 phytoplankton species (2 varieties)from 7 phyla were observed in Longtan River.The species richness of Chlorophyta (38)was the richest,followed by Ba-cillariophyta (28),Cyanophyta (1 2),Euglenophyta (1 0),Chrysophyta (4),Pyrroptata (3)and Cryptophyta (3),accounting for 39.39%,28.28%,1 2.1 2%,1 0.1 0%,4.04%,3.03% and 3.03% of the total phyto-plankton species,respectively.Phytoplankton species were most abundant at Site 3 (83 species)and least abun-dant at Site 4,outside the net (71 species).The highest phytoplankton density and biomass both occurred in March (1 .1 72 ×1 07 cells/L and 1 2.31 mg/L),and the lowest were observed in December (3.620 ×1 04 cells/L and 0.07 mg/L),with the annual average density and biomass of 4.845 ×1 06 cells/L and 4.469 mg/L.Spatially, phytoplankton density was distributed in the order,Site 2 >Site 3 >Site 1 >Site 4 and phytoplankton biomass was ordered,Site 2 >Site 1 >Site 3 >Site 4.The annual average SD,Chl-a,TP and TN were 1 .38 m,5.891 μg/L, 0.1 38 mg/L and 2.04 mg/L,respectively.The mean Shannon-Weiner diversity index and average Pielou evenness index of the phytoplankton community was 3.22 and 0.91 in Longtan River,and the comprehensive trophic level index of Longtan River varied from 38.57 to 68.52 with the average of 56.05,indicating that pollution in Longtan River was light to moderate.Our study also showed that water quality in the aquaculture area was similar to that in non-culture areas and ecological aquaculture does not have harmful effects on the water environment of Longtan Riv-er.关键词
浮游植物/理化因子/水质评价/龙滩河Key words
phytoplankton/physical and chemical factor/water quality assessment/Longtan River分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
贺蓉,蒋礼,郑曙明,周艳玲,邹沈娟,丁山..三峡库区龙滩河水域牧场浮游植物群落结构及水质评价[J].水生态学杂志,2016,37(4):30-35,6.基金项目
中国长江三峡集团公司科研项目（CT-12-08-01）。 （）
